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September 9, 2002 1 Wireless Internet Performance Research Carey Williamson iCORE Professor Department of Computer Science University of Calgary.

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1 September 9, 2002 1 Wireless Internet Performance Research Carey Williamson iCORE Professor Department of Computer Science University of Calgary

2 September 9, 2002 2 Internet Protocol Stack r Application: supporting network applications and end-user services m FTP, SMTP, HTTP, DNS, NTP r Transport: end to end data transfer m TCP, UDP r Network: routing of datagrams from source to destination m IPv4, IPv6, BGP, RIP, routing protocols r Data Link: hop by hop frames, channel access, flow/error control m PPP, Ethernet, IEEE 802.11b r Physical: raw transmission of bits Application Transport Network Data Link Physical 001101011...

3 September 9, 2002 3 The Wireless Web r The emergence and convergence of these technologies enable the “wireless Web” m the wireless classroom m the wireless workplace m the wireless home r My iCORE mandate: design, build, test, and evaluate wireless Web infrastructures r Holy grail: “anything, anytime, anywhere” access to information (when we want it, of course!)

4 September 9, 2002 4 Research Interests r Wireless Internet Technologies r Web Performance r Network Traffic Measurement r Workload Characterization r Traffic Modeling r Network Simulation r Network Emulation

5 September 9, 2002 5 Wireless Internet Technologies r Mobile devices (e.g., notebooks, laptops, PDAs, cell phones, wearable computers) r Wireless network access m Bluetooth (1 Mbps, up to 3 meters) m IEEE 802.11b (11 Mbps, up to 100 meters) m IEEE 802.11a (55 Mbps, up to 20 meters) r Operating modes: m Infrastructure mode (access point) m Ad hoc mode r Classroom area networks (CRAN)

6 September 9, 2002 6 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

7 September 9, 2002 7 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

8 September 9, 2002 8 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

9 September 9, 2002 9 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

10 September 9, 2002 10 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

11 September 9, 2002 11 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

12 September 9, 2002 12 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

13 September 9, 2002 13 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

14 September 9, 2002 14 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

15 September 9, 2002 15 Example: r Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Carey Gwen

16 September 9, 2002 16 Web Performance r Explore techniques to improve the performance and scalability of the Web r Examples: m Clustered Web servers m Load balancing policies m Web prefetching strategies m Web proxy caching architectures m Improvements to HTTP and TCP protocols

17 September 9, 2002 17 Network Traffic Measurement r Collect and analyze packet-level traces from a live network

18 September 9, 2002 18 Network Traffic Measurement r Collect and analyze packet-level traces from a live network, using special equipment 101101

19 September 9, 2002 19 Network Traffic Measurement r Collect and analyze packet-level traces from a live network, using special equipment r Process traces, statistical analysis r Diagnose performance problems (network, protocol, application) 101101

20 September 9, 2002 20 Example Trace 0.000000 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 60 TCP 4105 80 1315338075 : 1315338075 0 win: 5840 S 0.003362 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 60 TCP 80 4105 1417888236 : 1417888236 1315338076 win: 5792 SA 0.009183 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338076 : 1315338076 1417888237 win: 5840 A 0.010854 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 127 TCP 4105 80 1315338076 : 1315338151 1417888237 win: 5840 PA 0.014309 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 52 TCP 80 4105 1417888237 : 1417888237 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.049848 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417888237 : 1417889685 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.056902 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417889685 : 1417891133 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.057284 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417889685 win: 8688 A 0.060120 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417891133 win: 11584 A 0.068579 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417891133 : 1417892581 1315338151 win: 5792 PA 0.075673 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417892581 : 1417894029 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.076055 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417892581 win: 14480 A 0.083233 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417894029 : 1417895477 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.096728 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417896925 : 1417898373 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.103439 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417898373 : 1417899821 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.103780 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417894029 win: 17376 A 0.106534 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417898373 win: 21720 A 0.133408 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 776 TCP 80 4105 1417904165 : 1417904889 1315338151 win: 5792 FPA 0.139200 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417904165 win: 21720 A 0.140447 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417904890 win: 21720 FA 0.144254 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 52 TCP 80 4105 1417904890 : 1417904890 1315338152 win: 5792 A

21 September 9, 2002 21 Time SeqNum X + Key: X Data Packet + Ack Packet X X X X X X X X X X X X X + + + + + + + + + + + + +

22 September 9, 2002 22 Workload Characterization r Try to understand the salient features of network, protocol, application, and user behaviour on the Internet r Example: Web server workloads [Arlitt96] m Zipf-like document referencing behaviour m Lots of “one-time” referencing of documents m Heavy-tailed file size distributions m Self-similar network traffic profile

23 September 9, 2002 23 Traffic Modeling r Construct programs and statistical models that capture the empirically-observed network traffic behaviours r Allows flexible, controlled, repeatable generation of workloads for experiments r Examples: m Web client workload model m MPEG compressed video model m Self-similar Ethernet LAN traffic model m WebTraff GUI: Web proxy workload generator

24 September 9, 2002 24 Network Simulation r Use computer simulation to study the packet-level behaviour of the Internet, its protocols, its applications, and its users r Examples: m Improving Web performance over ADSL m Understanding the effects of user mobility on Mobile IP routing and protocol performance m Studying the design, scalability, and performance of Web server and Web proxy caching architectures

25 September 9, 2002 25 Network Emulation r A hybrid performance evaluation methodology that combines simulation and experimental implementation r A simulator that “talks back” (IP packets) r Examples: m Web server benchmarking m Wide Area Network (WAN) emulation m Web proxy cache performance m Distributed applications (Internet games)

26 September 9, 2002 26 Summary r Wireless Internet Performance Lab (UofC) r Experimental Laboratory for Internet Systems and Applications (UofS/UofC,CFI) r iCORE Research Team: m Five full-time research staff (Web, perf. eval., simulation, wireless, traffic modeling, network measurement) plus 7 graduate students r Research Collaborations: m UofC, UofA, UofS, TRLabs, CS/ECE m HP, Telus Mobility, SaskTel, Sun, Nortel… r Do cool, “hands on”, industrially-relevant, applied, practical, and exciting stuff!!

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