1. Four Basic Principles of the Restoration 1.New Testament as the Only Authoritative Rule of Faith and Practice. 2.Renunciation of All Human Creeds; Human Creeds Are Divisive by their Very Nature. 3.Restore Apostolic or New Testament Concept of the Church in the Minds of Men. 4.Union of All Christians upon the Basis of the Bible.

2. James O’Kelly (1735 -1826) Methodist preacher: worked in VA & NC Advocated congregational autonomy Disagreed over appointment procedures of the conference 1792: Appealed to the conference for a change in the procedures Conference denied: O’Kelly & 4 others withdrew 1793: Formed the Republican Methodist Church 1794: Rejected this name & declared Bible as sufficient guide Wanted to be known on as Christians

3. Five Cardinal Principles 1.The Lord Jesus Christ as the Only Head of the Church. 2.The name Christian to the exclusion of all party and sectarian names. 3.The Holy Bible, or the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments as the only creed, and a sufficient rule of faith and practice. 4.Christian character, or vital piety, the only test of church fellowship and membership. 5.The right of private judgment and the liberty of conscience, the privilege and duty of all.

4. Elias Smith (1769 - ) 1789: Baptized into Baptist Church In Spring of 1802 rejected Calvinism Found name of followers of Christ to be Christians Left Baptist & worshiped with 5 members in rented hall Proclaimed Christ as One and Only Lawgiver 1803: Met Dr. Abner Jones (Vermont)  In 1801 Jones had left the Baptist Church  Also rejected human names  Contended for absolute authority of the New Testament Joined forces with Smith in 1803 & established churches free of denominational ties

5. Barton W. Stone (1772 - 1844) 1790: Joined Presbyterians & began to preach in NC Moved to Cane Ridge, KY - ordained a minister in PC As he preached – he appealed directly to the Word of God Soon rejected the doctrine of total depravity Began to preach the universality of the gospel and faith as a condition of salvation 1801: Cane Ridge revival – trouble developed As a result of differences – Stone and 4 others withdrew from the synod 1803: Formed their own: The Springfield Presbytery 1804: Recognized error and dissolved: The Last Will and Testament of the Springfield Presbytery

6. Thomas Campbell (1763 - 1844) Presbyterian preacher in Ireland 1807: Came as missionary to America Synod assigned him to Chartiers Presbytery in PA Preached things contrary to Presbyterian doctrine Opposed all human creeds Contended for all-sufficiency of the Bible 1808: Suspended by the synod Continued to preach in homes, schools, & out in the open Coined phrase “Where the Bible speaks, we speak, and where the Bible is silent, we are silent.” 1809: Wrote the Declaration and Address

7. Alexander Campbell (1788 - 1866) 1809: Came to America from Northern Ireland Reunited with his father shortly after his arrival Subject of baptism began to trouble him: Learned infants not proper subjects Learned the action was immersion Learned that confession of faith should precede, not the relating of an experience He and six others were baptized June 12, 1812 Practically entire Brush Run church followed example

8. Alexander Campbell (1788 - 1866) Baptism made enemies of the Presbyterians Caused Baptists to become his friends Joined the Redstone Association of Baptist Churches Defended cause of baptism in two debates Soon declared that baptism was not administered to a member of the church This caused a rift between he and the Redstone Association Charged with heresy, but acquitted 1823: Withdrew from Redstone & joined Mahoning Association 1830: Found this to be unscriptural & dissolved association

9. “Raccoon” John Smith (born in 1784) Raised in Baptist background, desired “experience” Told to pray and wait upon the Lord After father’s death in 1804 began to seek assurance Prayed earnestly, found some relief, related to Baptist Church 1804: Unanimously voted a subject of a work of grace Desired to preach but faced two obstacles: (1)Ignorance; could barely read (2) Lacked a supernatural call 1814: Moved to Alabama, lost children in fire, wife died Immediately returned to Kentucky; Crab Orchard area Eventually discovered the truth and preached zealously Old friends rejected, but he persevered & converted many 1824: Met A. Campbell; Participated in unity meetings of 1831-32

10. DifferencesStoneCampbell NameChristianDisciples Purpose of Baptism Not insist for Remission of Sins Remission of Sins Lord’s SupperNot WeeklyWeekly Evangelistic Method Emotional Knowledge and Understanding Stone – Campbell Unity Meetings of 1831 & 1832