1. Transports of Organic Carbon and Nutrients in the Kaoping River-Sea System J.-J. Hung, H.-M. Yang, E.-T. Yeh, Y.-C. Yeh, C.-M. Ho and I..-J. Lai Institute of Marine Geology and Chemistry, National Sun Yat- Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan E-mail: hungjj@mail.nsysu.edu.tw hungjj@mail.nsysu.edu.tw

2. Outlines Riverine fluxes of suspended sediment, and dissolved and particulate carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus Meterological conditions vs. riverine fluxes Transformation of riverine CNP in the Kaoping Estuary (net fluxes) Coastal CNP budgets (on-going studies)

3. Dadson et al., 2003 Kaoping River

4. 19992000 里嶺大橋 Sampling period: Aug/1999-July/2000 (1998-2000 La Nina event) 2002 (2002-04 El Nino event) Historical

5. Sampling locations in the Kaoping River

6. Sampling locations and their elevations and discharge contributions

7. Sediment Yield (Kaoping watershed)  1999/2000: 3.6*10 3 g/m 2 /yr  2002: 0.656*10 3 g/m 2 /yr  World’s rivers (mean): 150 g/m 2 /yr  Island’s rivers (mean): 3*10 3 g/m 2 /yr # derived from suspended load only

8. Particle size vs. river discharge (water elevation) Pabuk Typhoon Wutip Typhoon Sepat Typhoon Krosa Typhoon Dry season Wet season

9. Particulate organic carbon (POC) Particulate inorganic nitrogen (PON)

10. Particulate organic phosphorus (POP) Particulate inorganic phosphorus (PIP)

11. Chemical Yield ( Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cl, SO 4, HCO 3, Si)  1999/2000: 1.14*10 3 g/m 2 /yr  2002: 0.416*10 3 g/m 2 /yr  World’s rivers (ave): 33~40 g/m 2 /yr

12. Transport of C and N in the Kaoping River

14. Kaoping River Industrial wastewater Others Domestic Animal wasterwater

15. Foot and Mouth Disease

16. Nitrogen Fluxes (Anthropogenic contributions) Estimated from wastewater discharge : 5.6*10 4 kg/day Estimated from difference between baseline and in-situ measurements: 6.5*10 4 kg/day (Particulate nitrogen: 4.8 *10 3 kg/day) EPA(ROC) report: 5.7 *10 4 kg/day Anthropogenic contributions to total fluxes: 89% (64715/72977=89%)

17. Phosphorus Fluxes (Anthropogenic contributions) Estimated from wastewater discharge: 4.7 *10 3 kg/day Estimated from the difference between baseline and in-situ measurements: 7.4 *10 3 kg/day(Particulate P: 4.4 *10 3 kg/day) EPA(ROC) report: 1.3 *10 4 kg/day Anthropogenic contributions to total fluxes: 61% (7399/12124=61%)

18. Carbon and nutrient yields from the Kaoping Watershed 08/1999-07/2000 (a) 2002 (b) a/b Discharge (cms)2701022.6 POC (g/m 2 /yr)44.92.9215.4 PIC (g/m 2 /yr)18.41.2714.5 DOC (g/m 2 /yr)2.271.81.3 DIC (g/m 2 /yr)11147.72.3 PN (g/m 2 /yr)0.700.471.5 DIN (mol/m 2 /yr)0.590.134.5 DIP (mmol/m 2 /yr)6.295.431.2 DSi (mol/m 2 /yr)0.410.311.3

19. Meterological conditions primarily determine the material fluxes and proportions of natural and anthropogenic contributions

20. 119°E122°E 26° N Taiwan Strait 24° N 22° N Kaoping River 121°E

21. Dec./2003 DO

22. July, 2003 Salinity

23. 1.Dissolved inorganic nutrients (except for DIP-addition in high S range) and DOC were transported conservatively through the estuary during the wet season. 2.Nitrate reduction/denitrification occurred in the low S range during the dry season 3.Non-conservative transports - for particulate phases of carbon and nutrients 4.Using Biogeochemical (box) model to derive net fluxes

24. Dissolved CNP Budgets

25. Particulate CNP Budgets

26. Kaoping Watershed Kaoping Estuary ● Addition ● Removal River Dissolved Particulater matter Net fluxes Coastal Zone ● Primary production ● Recycling Sediments ● Recycled ● Preserved Settling Dissolved Release Denitrification Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budgets On-going studies