1. GIS: The Grand Unifying Technology

2. Introduction to GIS  What is GIS?  Why GIS?  Contributing Disciplines  Applications of GIS  GIS functions  Information about this course

3. What is GIS? It is a:  Tool, a science, a software  It is a marriage between computer cartography and database management  It tells you what is where and why  It can model change over time and space.  what is your zip code?

4. What comprises GIS?  An integration of five basic components People Data Procedures Hardware Software

5. How can GIS help?

6. Who does GIS …almost everyone. In GIS

7. Contributing Disciplines  Geography  understanding the world and man’s place in it  Cartography-art of map making  display of spatial information  Remote Sensing (define)  images from space and air  source of information for GIS

8. Contributing Disciplines  Photogrammetry  accurate measurement from photographs  Surveying  high quality positional data  Geodesy- shape of the earth  accurate positional data (control points)  Statistics  GIS models are often statistical in nature

9. Contributing Disciplines  Computer Science  e.g. CAD, database management  Math  especially geometry and graph theory  Civil Engineering  application driven  roads etc.

10. Why GIS?  better administration of geographical data  property ownership  tax records  utilities  forests  etc.

11. Why GIS?  framework for analyzing spatial problems  easy manipulation of map related information  insight into spatial relationships

12. Why GIS?  better administration of geographical data  property ownership  tax records  utilities  forests  etc.

13. Applications  Street Network Based  vehicle routing  address matching  site selection

14. Applications  Natural Resource based  forestry management  wildlife preservation  agricultural land management  wetland preservation

15. Applications  Land Parcel Based  Zoning  Land Acquisition (greenways)  Water Quality Management

16. Applications  Facility Management  Utilities (pipes, cables, etc.)  Facility maintenance

17. You want to buy a house?  Must be close to school.  Must live near a main road.  Would like to live close to urban area.  Would like to live in an area with a low crime rate.

18. You need to find…  Map showing schools.  Map showing main roads.  Map showing location of urban center.  Map showing insurance zones as a surrogate measure for crime rates.

19. GIS Functions  Capture  Store  Query  Analyze  Display  Output

20. Capturing Data Paper Maps Digital Data GPS Coordinates GIS Data 48585.5, 3759432

21. Storing Data: Vector & Raster Formats  Database consists of points, lines and polygons  Grid  Cells or pixels

22. Query  Identifying specific features  I know what but where? Ex. What county is this?  Identifying features based on conditions  I know where but what?  Ex. California counties with population greater than 500,000

23. Analysis  Proximity – which parcels are within 100 feet of the road?  Overlay- Well type Drilled Building owner Smith Soil type Sandy loam  Network analysis – examines how linear features are connected and how resources flow through them. Traffic flow, water flow

24. Display  Maps  Graphs  Reports

25. Output Paper map Internet Image Document GIS Data Cowboy.jpg Texas.mxd

26. Organizing spatial data  A GIS works with thematic layers of spatial data  Answer questions by comparing different layers of data

27. Cartography – the science of map making  Scale  Projections  Coordinate Systems  Datums

28. Topics presented in this class  Introduction to GIS  Introduction to cartographic principles  Models of Reality: Vector and Raster data models  Implementation of a GIS  Spatial Data  Introduction to GPS  Spatial Analysis  Sampling, Error and Uncertainty  Cartographic Design  Future of GIS

29. Why should you learn GIS?  It is one of the biggest specialized skills in demand today.  It is a multibillion $$$$ industry.  It touches just about every discipline in some way.  It affects your daily life and will do so increasingly in the future.

30. What should you know about this course?  It will be an adventure.  It will not be presented on a silver platter.  It is technology dependent, and technology does not always work.  If you think the instructors have all the answers, we have some beach front property we would like to sell you.  You are in the drivers seat, what you get out of this class will depend on you.  The Course Goal…