1. Randall Sobie The ATLAS Experiment Randall Sobie Institute for Particle Physics University of Victoria Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN Laboratory ATLAS Experiment Computational challenge

2. Randall Sobie CERN Laboratory Study proton-proton collisions at the highest energies every achieved in a laboratory 27 km tunnel in Geneva

3. Randall Sobie ATLAS Physics Understand the fundamental building blocks of nature Accelerators probe the conditions of the early Universe Search for the Higgs particle (origin of mass) New physics (extra dimensions) Dark matter

4. Randall Sobie ATLAS Detector Canadian contribution

5. Randall Sobie Canadian contributions Hadronic Endcap Calorimeter Project TRIUMF, UVic, Alberta Endcap calorimeter components built in TRIUMF and assembled by Canadian team in CERN Discovery Channel “Mega Builders” documentary Nov 2005 TRIUMF Laboratory (Vancouver) has also built components of the CERN accelerator Total Canadian hardware contribution $60M

6. Randall Sobie UVic Cryogenic Feedthrough Project M.Lefebvre (Project Leader) 180,000 signal channels 1920 channels per unit 50 units constructed at UVic $4 Million Project (NSERC) UVic/TRIUMF technical staff installing the feedthroughts at CERN

7. Randall Sobie ATLAS Cavern

8. Randall Sobie Summer 2005

9. Randall Sobie Computational Challenges Thousands of scientists from around the world The Web was invented at CERN to facilitate communication

10. Randall Sobie Data Volume Concorde (15 Km) Balloon (30 Km) CD stack with 1 year LHC data! (~ 20 Km) Mt. Blanc (4.8 Km) 12-14 PetaBytes/year 50 CD-ROM = 35 GB 6 cm

11. Randall Sobie Processing requirements >10,000 CPUs are needed Calibration Reconstruction Simulation Analysis

12. Randall Sobie The CERN Computing Centre Even with technology-driven improvements in performance and costs – CERN cannot provide enough capacity for LHC ~2,000 processors ~100 TBytes of disk ~1 PB of magnetic tape

13. Randall Sobie What is the solution? @#%& *! It is difficult to use Isolated, local computational resources. Users must explicitly specify the computing resource and understand the local infrastructure One single facility cannot satisfy our requirements. Can we use the resources around the world?

14. Randall Sobie Grid Computing E = mc 2 Grid Middleware Unlimited ubiquitous computing Easy to use Complexity of infrastructure hidden from user Unify the distributed computing resources into a Grid. Similar to an electrical power grid.

15. Randall Sobie LHC Computing Grid (LCG) Desktop    Tier2 Centres Russia Switzerland Germany USA UK France Canada Nordic Grid Italy Asia CERN Tier 0 Hierarchy of Facilities defined by the services they offer Tier 0 – (raw) data storage Tier 1 – primary data processing centres Tier 2 – physics analysis centers

16. Randall Sobie Canadian Computing Model Alberta UBC/SFU Victoria Montreal Carleton Toronto The TRIUMF Laboratory will host the Canadian Tier 1 Centre Regional computing resources will be used to generate simulated data and for physics analysis GridX1 Project unified the Canadian Tier 2 resources into a Grid

17. Randall Sobie Networking 10G Lighpath TRIUMF-CERN High-speed networks are the transmission lines of the computing Grid HEPNET/Canada is responsible for network issues for the particle physics community (based in UVic) CANARIE, HEPNET, TRIUMF and BCNET are establishing high- speed links to CERN and between the universities

18. Randall Sobie Grid Computing at UVic Large storage and computational resources at UVic (500 TB and 300 processors) Established the GridX1 Project unifying the resources at UVic, UBC, Alberta, Toronto, NRC (Ottawa) and McGill (3000 processors) Linked to LCG Project and also the BaBar Project at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

19. Randall Sobie

20. Summary ATLAS and the LHC Collider will discover the Higgs boson (origin of mass) and/or see evidence for new physics UVic has made significant contributions to the ATLAS detector The scale of the project will result in unprecedented volumes of data The Grid offers a solution to the computational and storage challenges of the LHC UVic together with CANARE and BCNet (and UVic’s industrial partners) are making key contributions (eg. GridX1 Project)