1. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS The process by which a sender transmits information to the receiver. It consists of three components: Sender who encodes Channel Receiver who decodes

2. COMMUNICATION PROCESS The Channel Feedback Sender Idea Encod- ing Receiver Decoding Idea received NOISE

3. COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Centralized: the information goes through a central gatekeeper (the chain or wheel). Best for simple tasks Decentralized: all members are free to communicate with anyone else in the group (the circle or chain). Best for complicated tasks

4. COMMUNICATION DIRECTION Directives Coordination Attempts Information

5. FUNCTION OF COMMUNICATION Knowledge Motivation Control Expression

6. VERBAL &NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION Verbal –Oral –Written Non-verbal –Expressions & body language –Dress –Time & space

7. INFORMATION RICHNESS Information Richness LowHigh Face to Face Tele- phone Personal Written Formal Written

8. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES E-mail Audio teleconferencing Video conferencing Electronic conferencing –Asynchronous –Anytime –Anywhere

9. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Keep language simple Be an active attentive listener Don't overload the channel Obtain feedback –Suggestion systems –Open-door and skip level meeting – Employee surveys

10. BACKWARDS & FORWARDS Summing up: Examined the structure of communication and the effect of networks. Explored the role of informal communication, non-verbal expression and telecommunications. Looking ahead: Next time we delve into the decision making process at the individual level.