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2.2 Types of Computer Software Prepared by Desmond C.S. Wong
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Operating System An OS is a program (some may say a set of programs) that coordinates all the activities of a computer
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Microsoft Windows XP from Amazon.com
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Apple Mac OS X from Apple Computer
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Redhat Linux from computerworld.jp
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Linux command-mode from rr.sans.org
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Sun Solaris Unix from xfce.org
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Microsoft DOS from members.tripod.com/suzuki2go
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Microsoft Windows DOS Prompt
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Starting a computer POWER 1. Turn on the power
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2. The processor finds the ROM chip that contains the BIOS from rojakpot.comfrom dualprocessorcomputers.com
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3. The BIOS performs POST from dn.redwoods.cc.ca.us
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from wown.info
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4. The results of the POST are compared with data in the CMOS chip from nuwaveinc.com = ?
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5. The BIOS looks for the system files in one of the booting drives from all-about-pc.de
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6. the system files and the # kernel of the OS load into RAM from hard disk/booting drive from macaddit.com 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 … from Amazon.com
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7. the OS loads configuration information and displays the interface on the screen
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Functions of OS User interface Job scheduling Program management Single user/single tasking Multitasking Multi-user Multiprocessing Data management Device management Security of access Resources management Error detection and response
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Types of OS Standalone MS-DOS, Windows 9X, Windows NT Workstation, Windows 2000 Prof, Windows ME, Windows XP Home & Prof. Ed., MacOS Network Netware, Windows NT and 2000 Server, Windows.NET Server, UNIX, Linux Embedded Windows CE, Pocket PC 2002, Palm OS
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Utility programs A utility program is a type of system software that performs a specific task, usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs
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Applications software Application software consists of programs that perform specific tasks for users Word processing Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics software Game Desktop publishing software Anti-virus scanner Web browser and etc.
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Forms of applications software Packaged software Custom software Freeware Public domain software Shareware Software from ASP
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Data files Text document txt, rtf, doc, pdf Image files bmp, gif, jpeg, png, tiff Sound files midi, mp3, ra, wav Video files avi, mov, mpeg, rm Presentation files ppt Spreadsheet files xls Database files dbf, mdb
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Relationship among OS, applications s/w and data files User Application Software Operating System Data Files
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http://www.med.yale.edu/caim/manual/graphics/graphics/8bit_displays.gif http://www.med.yale.edu/caim/manual/graphics/graphics/1_bit_display.gif
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