1. DIGITAL NATIVES How today’s youth are different from their ‘digital immigrant’ elders and what that means for libraries 10.27.06 Lee Rainie Metro – NY Library Council Brooklyn Museum of Art

2. Digital Natives October 27, 20062 Who’s blogging this? Writings of a Loud Librarian Indiana Librarian Marissa Priddis http://theloudlibrarian.net/2005/10/monterey-learning-stuff.html

3. Digital Natives October 27, 20063 “Rainie was funny, at ease, informative and we found ourselves do a lot of ‘Huh...I didn't know that’ during his speech. Very, very cool.”

4. Digital Natives October 27, 20064 Who’s blogging this? Stephen Downes Stephen’s Web http://www.educause.edu/content.asp?page_id=666&ID=ECR0509& bhcp=1

5. Digital Natives October 27, 20065 “Good crisp presentation … backed with some actual research and drawing out the implications for educators, a list of which should be posted on the wall of every school ….”

6. Digital Natives October 27, 20066 “He’s a lot older than I imagined.” -------------------- “Looks like a typical Foundation suit.”

7. Digital Natives October 27, 20067 “While he may look older than some expected, and appears to be just another Foundation suit, he's a very intelligent man, and worth paying attention to.”

8. Digital Natives October 27, 20068 What does he mean: Digital Natives?

9. Digital Natives October 27, 20069 Digital native – Born 1985 Personal computers are 10 years old

10. Digital Natives October 27, 200610 Digital native – Kindergarten 1990 Tim Berners-Lee writes World Wide Web program

11. Digital Natives October 27, 200611 Digital native – Middle School 1996 Palm Pilot goes on the market

12. Digital Natives October 27, 200612 Digital Native – High School 1999 Sean Fanning creates Napster

13. Digital Natives October 27, 200613 Digital Native – Graduates High School 2003 iPod - 2002

14. Digital Natives October 27, 200614 Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s Blogs - 1997

15. Digital Natives October 27, 200615 Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s Wikipedia - 2001

16. Digital Natives October 27, 200616 Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s Del.icio.us - 2003

17. Digital Natives October 27, 200617 Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s Skype - 2003

18. Digital Natives October 27, 200618 Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s Podcasts – 2004

19. Digital Natives October 27, 200619 Digital native – Late Teens - Early 20s YouTube – 2005

20. Digital Natives October 27, 200620 6 new realities in the life of digital natives and what they mean for them and for you

21. Digital Natives October 27, 200621 Reality 1 Media and gadgets are ubiquitous parts of everyday life

22. Digital Natives October 27, 200622 Home media ecology - 1975 Product Route to home Display Local storage TV stations phone TVCassette/ 8-track broadcast TV radio broadcast radio stereoVinyl album News mail Advertising newspaper delivery phone paper Radio Stationsnon-electronic Tom Wolzien, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co

23. Digital Natives October 27, 200623 Home media ecology – now Product Route to home Display Local storage cableVCR TV stations phone/DSLTV Info wirelessradioDVD “Daily me” broadcast TVPCWeb-based storage content iPod /MP3server/ TiVo (PVR) Cable Nets broadcast radiostereoPC Web sites satellitemonitorweb storage Local news mailheadphonesCD/CD-ROM Content from express deliverypager individuals iPod / storageportable gamerMP3 player / iPod Peer-to-peer subcarriers / WIFIcell phonepagers - PDAs Advertising newspaper deliveryphonecable box Radio stationsPDA/Palmgame console game console paper Satellite radionon-electronicstorage sticks/disks Adapted from Tom Wolzien, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co

24. Digital Natives October 27, 200624 Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation M, March 2005

25. Digital Natives October 27, 200625 Reality 2 New gadgets allow them to enjoy media and carry on communication anywhere

26. Digital Natives October 27, 200626 Mobile devices 73% of adults own cell phones 77% of young adults and 67% of teens own them CBS MarketWatch survey 6.13.06

27. The communications Swiss Army knife Percentage of cell phone owners whose phones have this feature Percentage who use this feature now on their cell phones Don’t use it now, but would like to have it Send and receive text messages 75% 35%13% Take still pictures39% 28%19% Play games63% 22%12% Access the internet44% 14%16% Send / receive email43% 8%24% Trade instant messagesNA 7%11% Play music21% 6%19% Record their own video clips22% 6%17% Get mobile mapsNA 4%47% Watch video or TV programs13% 2%14%

28. Digital Natives October 27, 200628 Mobile devices 55% of adults own digital cameras 62% of young adults and 43% of teens own them 51% of young adults share photos on the internet

29. Digital Natives October 27, 200629 Mobile devices 43% of adults own video cameras 37% of teens own them 22% of young adults share videos online

30. Digital Natives October 27, 200630 Mobile devices 40% of adults play video games 83% of teens do so Kaiser Family Foundation – March 2005 43% of young adults play games online

31. Digital Natives October 27, 200631 Mobile devices 30% of adults own laptops 43% of young adults and 32% of teens own them

32. Digital Natives October 27, 200632 Mobile devices 20% of adults own MP3 players 45% of teens own them CBSMarketwatch survey 6.13.06

33. Digital Natives October 27, 200633 Mobile devices 11% of adults own a PDA or Blackberry 7% of teens own them

34. Digital Natives October 27, 200634 Media experiences “by other means” 24% of radio consumers occasionally listen to radio programs on something other than a radio console – computers (84%), iPods (26%), cell phones (7%), PDAs (2%) 13% of TV viewers occasionally watch shows on something other than TV sets – computers (87%), cell phones (9%), iPods (3%)

35. Digital Natives October 27, 200635 Reality 3 The internet is at the center of the revolution

36. Digital Natives October 27, 200636 Internet and broadband adoption 1996-2006 All internet - 147 mill. Broadband - 83 mill.

37. Digital Natives October 27, 200637 Download music – 51% Share own creations – 33% Activities of young greatly outpace their eldersActivities of young are not as great as their elders For a full list of activities tracked by PIP please go to: http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/Internet_Activities_4.26.06.htm

38. Digital Natives October 27, 200638 Different people use the internet in different ways – Generations Young Instant message Games Wireless Dating Housing New jobs Create content P2P services Play games Cultural information Rate things Adult content Gen X / Boomers Transactions Get news / politics Health Job-related information Information for new jobs New housing Religious information Seek online support Seniors Email Weather Use government web sites Get maps directions Research travel

39. Digital Natives October 27, 200639 Reality 4 Multi-tasking is a way of life – and people live in a state of “continuous partial attention” --- Linda Stone

40. Digital Natives October 27, 200640 Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation M, March 2005

41. Digital Natives October 27, 200641 Kaiser Family Foundation, Generation M, March 2005

42. Digital Natives October 27, 200642 Reality 5 Ordinary citizens have a chance to be publishers, movie makers, artists, song creators, and story tellers

43. Digital Natives October 27, 200643 33% of online teens share their own creations online, such as artwork, photos, stories, or videos Content creation

44. Digital Natives October 27, 200644 32% have created or worked on webpages or blogs for others, including those for groups they belong to, friends or school assignments Content creation

45. Digital Natives October 27, 200645 22% report keeping their own personal webpage Content creation

46. Digital Natives October 27, 200646 19% have created their own online journal or blog Content creation

47. Digital Natives October 27, 200647 Content creation 19% say they remix content they find online into their own artistic creations

48. Digital Natives October 27, 200648 Reality 6 Everything will change even more in coming years

49. Digital Natives October 27, 200649 The J-curve laws Computing power doubles every 18 months – Moore’s law Storage power doubles every 12 months – disk law Communications power doubles every 2-3 years with improvements in fiber optics and compression – Gilder’s law –Spectrum power is enhanced with efficiency improvements in spectrum allocation and use

50. Digital Natives October 27, 200650 Impact and implications Teens expect to be able to gather and share information in multiple devices. They shrewdly sort out what communication and what information “belongs” on what device and under what circumstances. –Stephen Stills meets Go-Go Mr. Gadget: If they can’t be with the device they love, they love the device they’re with –“Email is for old people.”

51. Digital Natives October 27, 200651 Impact and implications Conversations, research, and learning never end Being “present” with another person has a new meaning Expectations about another’s “availability” change and spontaneous communications increase Teens hope they can get help from peers and teachers and librarians whenever they need it

52. Digital Natives October 27, 200652 Impact and implications Those who have grown up with interactive media want to manipulate, remix, and share content. Ideas about intellectual property change –Ideas about fair use and sharing change They also expect to be able to be in conversation with other creators.

53. Digital Natives October 27, 200653 It’s a “smart mob” world – Howard Rheingold notion

54. Digital Natives October 27, 200654 It’s a “Long Tail” world – Chris Anderson notion Traffic Content 20%-40% of traffic or sales in the “long tail”

55. Digital Natives October 27, 200655 10 reasons why the future can belong to librarians 1.Nobody knows better than you how to manage information. 2.Nobody knows better than you how to track down information. 3.Nobody knows better than you about the importance of information standards – common ways to categorize, sort, and act on things. 4.Nobody’s word about what’s truthful and what’s important has more credibility than yours. 5.Nobody is in a better position than you to teach people about information and media literacy.

56. Digital Natives October 27, 200656 10 reasons why the future can belong to librarians 6.Nobody is in a better position to be a watchdog of new systems of sorting information than you. 7.Nobody is in a better position than you to teach the world about the history and built-in wisdom of credibility-assessment systems. 8.Nobody is more empowered by professional creeds and training to articulate the rationale for freedom of speech than you.

57. Digital Natives October 27, 200657 10 reasons why the future can belong to librarians 9.Nobody is in better shape to play a thoughtful, constructive role in debates about the value of information “property” and the meaning of copyright in an age where it takes a couple of minutes to download a brand new movie on BitTorrent – for free. 10. Nobody can be as constructive in helping us think through the new norms and even new laws we need to develop about what information is public and what is private.

58. Digital Natives October 27, 200658 Reason #11 Librarians are particularly well suited to help people focus on their need for sanctuary and a place for quiet contemplation. –Josef Pieper: Leisure: The Basis of Culture

59. Digital Natives October 27, 200659 Thank you! Lee Rainie Director Pew Internet & American Life Project 1615 L Street NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036 Lrainie@pewinternet.org 202-419-4500