1. Infrared Astronomy in the heat of the night Michael Burton

3. Infrared Astronomy ◊What is the infrared ◊Infrared Science Imaging Spectroscopy ◊History and the Future ◊Infrared Movies ◊What is the infrared ◊Infrared Science Imaging Spectroscopy ◊History and the Future ◊Infrared Movies

4. William Herschel “Calorific Rays” in 1800

5. Infrared is Heat Thermal Radiation

6. Two views of a geyser

7. 1.Dust Extinction Exploring the hidden universe Galactic CentreCygnu s

8. 2. Thermal Radiation Detecting Cool Objects

9. 3. Redshift Exploring the Early Universe

10. Atmospheric Windows

11. Infrared Windows

12. IR Observatories on the ground, in the air and in space

13. The Horsehead Nebula VisibleNear-IRMid-IR

14. Massive Star Formation Triffid Nebula

15. The Galactic Centre VisibleNear-IR

16. Three Spectral Regimes Detector Technology

17. Some infrared science ◊Solar System ◊Star Formation ◊Stars ◊Disks and Planets ◊Galaxies ◊Solar System ◊Star Formation ◊Stars ◊Disks and Planets ◊Galaxies

18. Venus Infrared emission vs. Visible reflection

19. Jupiter Bright belts, volcanic Io, methane absorption

20. Star Formation Orion Constellation Far-IR Dust Orion Nebula Near-IR Young Stars Nearby Globule Mid-IR Dust + Protostars

21. Massive Stars ◊Pistol Star Most luminous star in Galaxy ~10 7 L  ◊Quintuplet Cluster Most massive star cluster in Galaxy  Max mass of a star?

22. Dust Disks and Planets Beta Pictoris HR4796A

23. The Galaxy Near + mid-IR Galactic Centre Red Giants + Hot Dust Far--IR Galactic Plane Zodiacal Light + Warm Dust

24. Other Galaxies: Spiral M81 ◊Old Stars (blue) ◊Heated Dust (red) ◊Hot Dust and MSF (green + knots)

25. Global Star Formation Spiral Galaxy M51

26. Hidden Black Holes in the IR

27. Infrared Spectroscopy ◊Cooling Lines Molecules Fine structure lines ◊Ices ◊Dust ◊Cooling Lines Molecules Fine structure lines ◊Ices ◊Dust

28. Infrared Spectroscopy Water in the Solar System Hydrocarbons, Ices, Dust mineralology

29. Cooling Lines in the ISM [OI] 63µm + [CII] 158µm

30. Cooling Lines across the Galaxy [CII] 158µm + [NII] 205µm

31. Water and Ices in Molecular Clouds

32. Elements and Minerals in Red Giants and PN winds Recycling of the elements

33. Star Formation in the Galactic Centre Hot massive stars, ionized gas,  ~10 7 yrs

34. Molecules in Dusty Galaxies Spiral NGC891 Starburst Arp 220

35. Probing the Excitation of Galaxies

36. A potted history of IR astronomy 1800: William Herschel Discovery of IR 1948: Moon must be covered By fine powder 1870: 4th Earl of Rosse Temperature of Moon From IR on dark side 1856: Charles Piazzi IR from the Moon Thermocouple & heat

37. IR Facilities: the early days 1967: Mauna Kea Observatory established High & dry! 1967: Cooled IR telescopes in rockets AFGL IR sky survey 4+10+20µm 2363 sources in 30 mins 1960’s: Balloons carry high altitude payloads 1961: Frank Low Germanium bolometer Cooled, in dewar Detect far-IR Change in conductivity

38. IR Facilities Develop Mid 1970’s: Far-IR spectrometers from balloons at T = 1K CMBR Early 1970’s: Most galaxies found to emit strongly in IR (M31) 1974: Kuiper Airborne Observatory Rings of Uranus Water in Jupiter 1968: Leighton & Neugebauer Mt Wilson 2.2µm IR survey 5,500 sources

39. IR Facilities Mature 1989: COBE MM + Far-IR sky CMBR 1985: IR telescope on Shuttle 1983: IRAS satellite 12+25+60+100µm 500,000 sources Vega Disk ULIRGs 1980’s: IR arrays

40. IR in the 90s 1996: MSX Military satellite 8+11+14+21µm 1996: DENIS Near-IR sky survey La Silla, Chile 1995: ESA ISO 2.5-240µm + spectroscopy 1994: SPIREX at the South Pole

41. IR Astronomy Today 2004: Spitzer Space Telescope 2001: Keck Interferometer 1997: NICMOS on HST 1-2.5µm 1997: 2MASS All-sky 1.2 + 1.6 + 2.2µm

42. IR Astronomy Tomorrow 2???: TPF/Darwin Other Earths?! 2008?: Planck CMBR 2008?: Herschel - far-IR 2007?: SOFIA - IR spectroscopy

43. Infrared Astronomy for Australia ◊Siding Spring Observatory AAT/IRIS1-2.5µm Imager/Spectrometer 2.3m/CASPIR1-5µm Imager ◊Gemini 1-5µm NIFS + 8-25µm Michelle / TReCS ◊Public Databases 2MASS (1-2µm), MSX (8-21µm), GLIMPSE (4- 8µm), IRAS (12-100µm) ◊Antarctica Finest ground-based sites on the Earth! ◊Siding Spring Observatory AAT/IRIS1-2.5µm Imager/Spectrometer 2.3m/CASPIR1-5µm Imager ◊Gemini 1-5µm NIFS + 8-25µm Michelle / TReCS ◊Public Databases 2MASS (1-2µm), MSX (8-21µm), GLIMPSE (4- 8µm), IRAS (12-100µm) ◊Antarctica Finest ground-based sites on the Earth!

44. Dark Cloud + HH46-47 Optical to Infrared (Spitzer)

45. Dark Globule IC1396 Visible to Infrared (Spitzer)

46. Massive Star Formation Triffid: Visible to IR (Spitzer)

47. Spiral Galaxy M51 Visible to Infrared (Spitzer)

48. 2MASS 1-2µm View Galactic Centre

49. MSX 8-21µm view of the Galaxy PAHs along the Milky Way

50. Eta Carina Star Forming Complex