1. Induction of Mycobacterium avium growth restriction and inhibition of phagosome– endosome interactions during macrophage activation and apoptosis induction by picolinic acid plus IFN Teresa F. Pais and Rui Appelberg Received 3 October 2003/Accepted 2 February 2004 報告者 : 倪健唐

2. Introduction  Mycobacterium avium(M. avium) 一種 Mycobacteria 可以在 macrophage 體內繁殖。

3. Introduction

5. M. avium 抑制 phagosome 上 H + pumps 的活性 Phagosome 無法酸化 phagosome 不能與 lysosome 融合

6. Methods Mycobacteria M. avium strain 25291 Cell culture BALB/c mice Bone-marrow-derived macrophages with 10 % L929 cell-conditioned medium in DMEM (Life Technologies) supplemented with 10 mM HEPES, 10 mM glutamine, 10 % heat- inactivated Myoclone calf serum. The cells were used at day 9 of culture.

7. Methods  Infection of macrophages and induction of apoptosis.  Analysis of apoptotic parameters 1. MTT (methylthiazoletetrazolium) reduction. 2. Mitochondrial membrane potential. 3. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. 4. Caspase 3 activity.

9. Apoptosis

10. Results cells cultured in medium PA plus IFN treated cells

11. Results 測 PS exposure 測 Mitochondria potential

12. Results medium PA plus IFN N-acetylcysteine

13. Results  (a) not treated  (b) PA + IFN  (c)NAC+PA + IFN

14. Results

15.  (a) not treated  (b) PA + IFN

16. Results Co-localization (%) MediumPAIFNPA+IFN Lamp-147 · 9±8 · 986 · 6±1 · 281 · 6±8 · 274 · 9±8 · 0 LysoTra cker 8 · 6±0 · 715 · 4±4 · 88 · 6±3 · 210 · 9±0 · 7

17. Summary 以 IFN 加 PA 處理被 M. avium 感染的 macrophage ，會造成 macrophage 的 apoptosis Macrophage 的 apoptosis 與抑制 M. avium 的成長無關 以 IFN 加 PA 處理被 M. avium 感染的 macrophage 會抑制 Endosome 與 phagosome 的交互作用進而降低 macrophage 的 吞噬能力， 如此就可減少 M. avium 感染 macrophage IFN 與 PA 皆無法有效促進 phagosome 的酸化， 故無法促進 phagosome 與 lysosome 的融合