1. Advanced Simulation of Gas Meter Components Muhammad Arsalan Farooq University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

2. Overview Introduction Structural Analysis – Pre processing – Solution – Post Processing Alternate Solutions Comparison Conclusion 2

3. Introduction Industrial UseMeasuring unitCommercial Use Lower CaseUpper Case and Lower Case Part of Measuring Unit 3

4. Pre Processing Meshing – Triangular Elements – More flexible than quadrilateral elements Element Type Selection – Solid92 – Additional nodes at the mid point of each edge. – Advantage in the use of higher order approximations. 4 Howard C. Elman, David J. Silvester and Andrew J. Wathen, Finite Elements and Fast Iterative Solvers, Oxford University Press, 2005

5. Defining Material Properties: – Tensile Modulus (Elastic Modulus) = 28,900 Kg/cm 2 = 2832.2 N/mm 2 – Poisson’s Ratio = 0.35 Pre Processing 5

6. Applying Boudary Conditions – Constraints Resist the deformations induced by the loads  Impact Pressure Load is applied on two extrusions of the shell. Impact Pressure of 15.6 N/mm 2 was applied 6

7. Solution Solution is a batch process. The governing equations are assembled in the matrix and solved numerically. The assembly process depends on the model‘s element type, boundary condition and material properties. Model after the Application of Loads and Constraint 7

8. Post Processing Displacement Sections under maximum Deformation Edges experiencing no deformation (Highlighted by arrows) 8

9. Post Processing Stresses The maximum stresses are generated at the tip and the bottom of the extruded part as indicated by arrows. Stresses are concentrating in the area below the extruded part to the upper corner of the part Stress generated on the Back side of the Shell 9

10. Strain Post Processing Strain pattern on the front side of the Shell after the application of force Straining on the Back side of Shell 10

11. Alternate Solutions Increasing the width of Extrusion – Range of Stresses 41.712 N/mm 2 – 50.055 N/mm 2 Fracture occur at 45.93 N/mm 2 Attaching Ribs on the corner of the Extrusion: – Ranges of Stresses 18.011N/mm 2 – 27.017 N/mm 2 11

12. Comparison Design Modification Type Comparison of the dominant value of stress near Extrusions with 45.93 N/mm 2 Remarks Increase the width of extrusion 41.712 N/mm 2 – 50.055 N/mm 2 > 45.93 N/mm 2 Not proposed to SSGC Increase the thickness of extrusion 42.078 N/mm 2 – 49.091 N/mm 2 > 45.93 N/mm 2 Not proposed to SSGC Hole filled 2mm 42. 86 N/mm 2 – 57.148 N/mm 2 > 45.93 N/mm2 Not proposed to SSGC Hole filled 3mm41.5 – 53 N/mm 2 > 45.93 N/mm 2 Not proposed to SSGC Hole filled 4mm 41.095 N/mm 2 – 51.368 N/mm 2 > 45.93 N/mm 2 Not proposed to SSGC Hole filled completely 18.871 N/mm 2 – 28.207 N/mm 2 < 45.93 N/mm 2 Proposed to SSGC Extrusion supported by Ribs 44.706 N/mm 2 – 55.882 N/mm 2 > 45.93 N/mm 2 Not proposed to SSGC Filled extrusion with Ribs 18.011N/mm 2 – 27.017 N/mm 2 < 45.93 N/mm 2 Proposed to SSGC 12

13. Conclusion 50 fractured measuring units were randomly selected. Extruded area and the area near it was damaged. The accuracy of computer simulation greatly depends on the quality of the input parameters. One measuring unit costs around €12. Average of 25 measuring Units fractued every month. 13

14. Acknowledgement Proff. Dr. Nazimuddin Qureshi Dr. Michael Winckler Ali Zulqarnain Iqbal Aleemi Sohaib Tariq Faizan Mirza Amir Naveed 14

15. Thank you for your attention Questions/Answers m_arsalanfarooq@yahoo.com 0049 (0)17637502933 15