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Spatial Characteristics of Serial Sexual Assault in New Zealand Dr Samantha Lundrigan Victoria University of Wellington
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Research Aims To examine the characteristics of New Zealand sex offenders with respect to: Spatial behaviour Consistency in offence environment selection
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The New Zealand Context 4million in a land area of 268,680 km sq. 92% rural land, 8% built up. 2001 population density of 14 per km sq.
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Data collection Police files – New Zealand Police Criminal Profiling Squad Crime scene, background and geographical information coded and mapped
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The sample 76 serial offenders Between 1970 and 2002 Collectively 270 offences (mean of 3.5 per series) Characteristics 70% strangers, 20% friend/associate, 1% previous partner Mean age of 23 (12-60) 53% NZ Maori, 21% NZ European, 18% Pacific Island People
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Results
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Journey to crime
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Criminal Range r = 0.470 (P<.001)
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Spatial pattern Marauders 37%, Commuters 34%, Transients 29% Measure Marauders (median km) Commuters (median km) Mean distance travelled**2.365.78 Min distance travelled*0.180.91 Maximum distance travelled**4.7511.73 Mean Interpoint Distance12.894.40 Max distance between offences20.288.73 Min distance between offences*01.170.32 * p<.05 ** p<.01
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Environmental consistency Variables Type of contact site Victim transportation Day of week Time of day Distance to offence Area type Land use Deprivation score
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Consistency score Mean 4.56, Median 4.79, Standard deviation 1.70 Min 1, Max 8 ScoreNCum% 0≤ 2 810.5 2≤ 4 2442.1 4≤ 6 3182.9 6≤ 8 13100.0
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Consistency score 44 (57%) of offenders scored above 4, the score midpoint. Proportional chance expected 2.5% of offenders (z=45.42, p<.0001).
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Future Research More detailed analysis of environmental characteristics Offender-offence environment consistency Implications for Geographic profiling systems
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Thank you Dr Samantha Lundrigan Institute of Criminology Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand Samantha.lundrigan@vuw.ac.nz
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