1. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Digital Strategy: European Perspectives Dr Paul Ayris Director of UCL Library Services and UCL Copyright Officer e-mail: p.ayris@ucl.ac.uk

2. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents 1.UCL and UCL Library Services 2.Institutional architectures 3.E-Content  E-Journals  E-Books  Mass Digitisation 4.Open Access 5.Digital Curation  LIFE project  UK Research Data Service 6.Conclusions?

3. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents 1.UCL and UCL Library Services

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5. League Tables World University rankings 1 Harvard University US 2= University of Cambridge UK 2=University of Oxford UK 2=Yale University US 5 Imperial College, London UK 6 Princeton University US 7=California Institute of Technology (Caltech) US 7= University of Chicago US 9 UCL (University College London) UK 10 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US http://www.topuniversities.com/worlduniversityrankings/results/2007/overall_ranki ngs/top_100_universities/

6. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES League Tables World University rankings 1 Harvard University US 2= University of Cambridge UK 2=University of Oxford UK 2=Yale University US 5 Imperial College, London UK 6 Princeton University US 7=California Institute of Technology (Caltech) US 7= University of Chicago US 9 UCL (University College London) UK 10 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US http://www.topuniversities.com/worlduniversityrankings/results/2007/overall_ranki ngs/top_100_universities/

7. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Library Strategy 2005-10  10 over-arching goals  E-Strategy a priority for:  Teaching and Learning  Research  Student experience  Partnership working See http://www.ucl.ac.uk/Library/libstrat_may05.shtmlhttp://www.ucl.ac.uk/Library/libstrat_may05.shtml

8. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents 2.Institutional Architectures

9. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES User Interface Optional Sub- Gateway Indexing & Metadata Digital Content Paper Content VLELibrary website Freely available A&I Databases Library catalogues UCL licensed A&I databases UCL owned eUCLid E-Prints Reading Lists Scholarly Gateways e.g. ArXiv MetaLib SFX UCL owned Special Colls archive Exam papers E-Prints UCL licensed E-Journals E-Books Freely available E-Journals E-Books Other full text Digital Course Readings Books Journals Reading Lists Exam Papers etc. Inter-connected e-services @ UCL

10. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Digital challenges  Present architecture is systems-driven  Needs to be user-centric  UCL’s requirements do not fit all modules  Federated searching via MetaLib not heavily used  E-Learning platform missing?  Flexible management information generated by any library staff member  New services  Digital curation and digital preservation of institutional content  Join-up with campus-wide systems  Student Systems, Finance Systems, Alumni systems  Networked versus institutional provision?

11. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES VRE/VLE/ local web Student/UCL Library systems Social networking tools Google interface to Internet Prescribed core readings and textbooks Local UCL holdings Paper and e- External content subscribed and free Research collaborations; Primary data; Group project work; Learning interface Pay fees; book residences; pay fines; see course and exam marks; see loans information Core textbooks (STM); Digital readings (AHSS) Books/Journals/ AV/Digital Collections and Archives YouTube, FaceBook, FlickrGlobal resources - free E-Journals, E-Books, mass digitisation Institutional portal? OAI? OAI/Federated search Snippets

12. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Key Strategic Questions  British Museum Reading Room is traditional model  Library pulls readers into library space  In a networked and global environment, library is just one content provider  In UCL, STM researchers hardly ever set foot into a physical library space  Digital material is pushed to them electronically at their desktop  Should the Library push stuff out to where the student is (e.g. Facebook)?  Is an institutional portal helpful in providing a one-stop shop for the user to navigate both local and remote content and services?  Thanks to Lorcan Dempsey for this metaphor and discussion

13. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES User response: The ‘Google Generation’?  Information Behaviour of the Researcher of the Future  See http://www.bl.uk/news/2008/pressrelease20080116.htmlhttp://www.bl.uk/news/2008/pressrelease20080116.html  Research undertaken by CIBER at UCL  All age groups revealed to share ‘Google Generation’ traits  Young people  Rely heavily on search engines  View rather than read  Do not possess the critical or analytical skills needed to assess the information they find on the web  This has implications for the development of digital strategies

14. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents 3. E-Content  E-Journals  E-Books  Mass Digitisation

15. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES E-Journals  E-Journal delivery to desktop now standard  Publisher backfiles a high priority  Paper copy?  Current issues of paper copies cancelled?  Challenge is multiple copies of back-runs of paper journals, particularly in Science, Technology and Medicine (STM), in university library stores  UK Research Reserve being funded by HEFCE to provide a copy of last resort, with document delivery option  See http://www.curl.ac.uk/projects/CollaborativeStorage/Home.htmhttp://www.curl.ac.uk/projects/CollaborativeStorage/Home.htm  Arrangements for second and third copies around UK being overseen by SCONUL as part of developments  De-duplication of paper holdings across sector a possible outcome

16. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES E-Books  SuperBook project at UCL  Collaboration between UCL Library Services and  UCL’s School of Library Archive and Information Studies  See http://www.ucl.ac.uk/slais/research/ciber/superbook/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/slais/research/ciber/superbook/  ‘With e-books available directly from anywhere on or off campus, and portable readers capable of holding more than 100 books, the traditional academic library will need to examine the way it manages and delivers book collections. It is the users who will drive the e-book story forward; and, unlike earlier formats, no one is watching the users of this new breed of ‘super books’  Final Report available in Summer 2008  Thanks to Dr Ian Rowlands, UCL SLAIS, for the following slides from a Workshop at King’s College Cambridge, 30 August 2007

17. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES 1 st E-Textbooks: 58.9% 2 nd Reference Books: 52.4% 3 rd Research monographs: 46% Initial findings from UCL’s SuperBook project

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22. E-Book issues  E-Books  the next major form of content to be available digitally?  Business Models  Monograph publishing is supported by sales to individuals  What is the driver for publishers to move to E-Book delivery?  Discovery and Retrieval  How is the mass of available content to be located and made available for discovery?  De-duplicated  FRBRized (for e- and paper copy) and different editions available in one search  Whose role is it to do this?  Vendors, Third Parties, Libraries…?  Metadata standards for E-Books need to mature  And to develop down to chapter, section and paragraph level for inclusion in E- Learning offerings

23. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES E-Content: Mass digitisation in Europe  Europeana  Portal for Europe’s libraries, galleries, museums, archives, plus film and sound  See http://www.europeana.eu/http://www.europeana.eu/  2,000,000 digital objects to be available by July 2009  Prototype to be launched in November 2008 by Viviane Reding, European Commissioner for Information Society and Media  Funded as part of the eContentplus programme  http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/econtentplus/index_e n.htm http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/econtentplus/index_e n.htm  As part of the i2010 policy  http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/index _en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/index _en.htm

24. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Libraries and Europeana  Libraries co-ordinated by  CENL (Committee for European National Libraries)  http://www.nlib.ee/cenl/ http://www.nlib.ee/cenl/  LIBER (Ligue des Bibliothèques Européennes de Recherche)  http://www.libereurope.eu http://www.libereurope.eu  Europeana to use CENL and LIBER portals from which to harvest metadata  TEL (for national libraries)  see http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/portal/index.htmlhttp://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/portal/index.html  LIBER portal  to be built  EU offering funding in eContentplus call  To meet 50% of digitisation costs for creating content

25. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Pan-European developments  LIBER and EBLIDA held a pan-European Digitisation Workshop in Copenhagen in October 2007  See http://www.libereurope.eu/node/142http://www.libereurope.eu/node/142  25 recommendations to discuss with European Commission on 2 June 2008 Vision for European digitisation activity – need for joined up thinking Content – need for European selection criteria Resource discovery – need for portal development Copyright and IPR – particularly around licensing and orphan works Standards and policies – need for registries of identifiers and metadata standards Business Models – pricing and costing models; need for EU funding Digital Preservation – definition of role and responsibilities  See http://www.libereurope.eu/node/284http://www.libereurope.eu/node/284

26. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents  4. Open Access

27. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES European Universities Association  European Universities Association endorsed Open Access on 26 March 2008  See http://www.eua.be/index.php?id=354http://www.eua.be/index.php?id=354  Recommendations for University Leadership  The basic approach for achieving this [Open Access] should be the creation of an institutional repository or participation in a shared repository  University institutional policies should require that their researchers deposit (self archive) their scientific publications in their institutional repository upon acceptance for publication  University policies should include copyright in institutional intellectual property rights (IPR) management  University institutional policies should explore also how resources could be found and made available to researchers for author fees to support the emerging “author pays model” of open access

28. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES European Universities Association  Recommendations for National Rectors’ Conferences  All National Rectors’ Conferences should work with national research funding agencies and governments in their countries to implement the requirement for self archiving of research publications in institutional repositories and other appropriate open access repositories  National Rectors’ Conferences should attach high priority to raising the awareness of university leadership to the importance of open access policies in terms of enhanced visibility, access and impact of their research results  Recommendations for the European University Association  EUA should continue to contribute actively to the policy dialogue on Open Access at the European levels with a view to a self archiving mandate for all research results arising from EU research programme/project funding

29. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Library responses to Open Access  DRIVER (Digital Repository Infrastructure Vision for European Research) is building a pan-European repository architecture and toolset  13 current partners at http://www.driver-repository.eu/http://www.driver-repository.eu/  Pan-European repository projects are building up aggregations of content  NEEO (for European economics research)  See http://www.nereus4economics.info/neeo.htmlhttp://www.nereus4economics.info/neeo.html  DART-Europe, led by LIBER, for European Research Theses  See http://www.dart-europe.euhttp://www.dart-europe.eu

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31. DART-Europe membership  DART-Europe portal (DEEP) has 34 partners from all over Europe  Portal currently providing access, via OAI-PMH protocol, to 82,181 doctoral theses  Selected universities from UK, Ireland, Hungary  National/regional consortia from Nordic Countries, Catalonia, French- speaking Belgian Universities, Germany  In the pipeline:  Switzerland, France, regional consortium from Italy  Working with DRIVER to bring in DRIVER partners and countries, including The Netherlands, Flemish-speaking Belgian Universities

32. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Why do research theses matter? UCL top 10 downloads 01/07 Research theses in UCL

33. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Open Access can result in a change of culture  In Arts and Humanities, some/many(?) Ph.D. dissertations are published as monographs  Good print run for such a monograph is 400 copies  But repository downloads are much higher…  In UCL example, 131, 126 and 124 per month  Good for research and good for the researcher  Is conventional monograph publishing for research dissertations yesterday’s news?  Is this an area where Open Access adds tremendous value?  Will current orthodoxy of publishing research theses as monographs survive?

34. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents 5. Digital Curation

35. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Costing models  LIFE (Lifecycle Information For E-literature)  Led by British Library and UCL at http://www.life.ac.ukhttp://www.life.ac.uk  Phase 2 reporting 23 June 2008 as LIBER project  Has established Lifecycle and Preservation costing formulae

36. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Lifecycle Element AcquisitionIngestMetadataAccessStoragePreservation Element 1 Selection (Aq1) Quality Assurance (I1) Characteri- sation (M1) Reference Linking (Ac1) Bit-stream Storage Costs (S1) Technology Watch (P1) Element 2 IPR (Aq2) Deposit (I2) Descriptive (M2) User Support (Ac2) Preservation Tool Cost (P2) Element 3 Licensing (Aq3) Holdings Update (I3) Administrative (M3) Access Mechanism (Ac3) Preservation Metadata (P3) Element 4 Ordering & Invoicing (Aq4) Preservation Action (P4) Element 5 Obtaining (Aq5) Quality Assurance (P5) Element 6 Check-in (Aq6)

37. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Web Archiving Case Study

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39. UK Research Data Service UKRDS  RLUK (Research Libraries UK – formerly CURL) and RUGIT (Russell Group IT Directors) have issued an Invitation to Tender  £200,000 from HEFCE for a Feasibility Study into the development of a shared digital research data service for UK Higher Education Institutions  Locally, there is uncertainty about the costs involved in managing large data volumes and the availability of a suitably skilled workforce to manage the new challenges posed by data curation  Feasibility Study will address the need not just for storage capacity but for active management of the creation, selection, ingestion, storage, retrieval and preservation of research data - the data lifecycle

40. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES UK Research Data Service UKRDS  Stakeholders  Research Councils and Research Councils UK (RCUK)  Department for Innovation, Universities & Skills (DIUS)  Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC)  Higher Education Funding Councils  Individual Universities  International developments in data curation will inform the Feasibility Study

41. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Contents 6. Conclusions?

42. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Conclusions?  Libraries are changing  Reflected in UCL Library Services’ Strategy  Institutional architectures  Inter-operability is essential  Balance between local and network delivery is changing  Are users equipped for the brave new world?  Are E-Books the next big wave of e-content?  There is a demand, but publisher offerings are not mature?  Growing interest in Europe in mass digitisation of content  European infrastructure and content being put into place

43. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES Conclusions?  Open Access  Endorsed by European Universities Association  New pan-European Open Access services  Digital Curation  LIFE project establishing a generic costing model for lifecycle curation of digital assets, which includes preservation  UK Research Data Service is being scoped and costed  Major new development for UK research

44. UCL LIBRARY SERVICES And finally…  Thanks for listening  … if you have been …  Happy to hear comments