1. SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY 7, FP6-2004-CITIZENS-5 RESEARCH PROJECT: CRIME AND CULTURE THIRD REGULAR MEETING Dubrovnik, 17 – 20 January 2008 Inter-University Centre

2. Brief Overview Methodology overview Explanatory models Conclusion

3. Methodology Overview Interviews with representatives of the six target groups Analysing the transcripts with Atlas.ti software Final analyse/interpretation: building of possible explanatory models embedded in the perceptions Translating results into policy implications

4. Explanatory models – “rational” Definition: abuse of power for personal gain Dangerous forms: political, grand corruption Causes/Origin: universal factors, weak influence of culture Size/Scope: Measurable Effects: economic; undermining people's confidence in democracy Strategies: formal institutions, investigative

5. Explanatory models – “rational” Roles of institutions/actors: Media: awareness campaigns, investigations Public Inst: enforcement, coordination NGOs: supportive to government Political Parties: political support Business: supportive to government and NGOs

6. Explanatory models – “cultural” models Definition: abuse of power public/private, distorted political process, bad governance Dangerous forms: petty corruption Causes/Origin: Communist past, transition; lack of specific values Size/Scope: cannot be measured; presented everywhere Effects: destruction of social values and the demoralisation Strategies: counteracting petty corruption, values changes

7. Explanatory models – “cultural” models Roles of institutions/actors: Media: negative so far; future: sceptical Public Inst: general improvement in performance NGOs: to stand apart from government Political Parties: sceptical – rather negative Business: sceptical – rather negative

8. Conclusions/Policy Implications Problems actual corruption – economic dimensions perceived corruption – undermining social trust and values

9. Conclusions/Policy Implications Existing strategies large-scale anti-corruption polices (legislation, institutions) External conditionality Civil society- AC activities Convictions of High-profile politicians and public servants

10. Conclusions/Policy Implications Possible policy for the future Focus on petty-corruption General improvement of the performance of public institution Do not create over expectations – change is slow, related to overall political and social development in the country