1. Harmonisation of Standards for Enterprise Integration – an urgent need
Martin Zelm
CIMOSA Association e.V , Germany

2. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
Agenda
Introduction
Enterprise Integration and Standardisation
Lack of Harmonisation and Impact
IEC/ISO and ISO 15531
Comparison and Analysis
Proposals for Improvement
Conclusion
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

3. Business Globalisation
Increased needs for
Exchange of
Products
Services
Related information
Differences in
Business Rules and Legal Rules
Cultural Environments
National
International
Industry driven
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

4. Enterprise Integration (EI)
understand
influence
simplify
observe
monitor & control
...to enable communication, co-operation and co-ordination
...the right information, at the right place, in the right time for the interoperability of
Humans
Machines
Computers and
Organisation
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

5. Enterprise Integration and Standards
Example: Integrated Enterprise Control System involving Manufacturing and Business Functions
Needs
Flat, flexible Network Organisations
Collaboration and coordination
Benefits
Improved communication between all parties
Advanced supply chain
Enhanced enterprise agility, cost savings etc..,
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

6. Standardisation Environment
Challenges
Competing Standards
Wide overlaps
Ambiguous terminology
Contradicting content
Fragmented Organisations
International
National
Industry initiatives
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

7. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
The needs
World-wide collaboration between enterprise organisations requires standards for ICT based communication and information exchange employed in business process across organisation boundaries
But,
Standards are developed by multiple organisations, leading to inconsistencies in standard contents and representation causing a lack of common understanding
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

8. Example: Inconsistent terminology
Source: K. Kosanke
Model
a representation usually on a smaller scale of a device, structure, etc.
Collins Dictionary
a representation of something else expressed in mathematics, symbols, or words.
ISO - IS 14258
a representation or description of an entity or a system, describing only the aspects considered to be relevant for its purpose
ISO DIS 15531
an abstract representation of reality in any form (including mathematical, physical, symbolic, graphical, or descriptive form) to present a certain aspect of that reality for answering the questions studied
ISO - IS 15704
an abstract description of reality in any form (including mathematical, physical, symbolic, graphical, or descriptive) that presents a certain aspect of that reality
ISO/CEN ISO/CEN 19440
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

9. Integration Frameworks Industrial Automation Systems & Integration
ISO TC 184 Organisation
SC5 Chair: Emanuel dela Hostria (USA)
Contact: ISO/TC 184/SC 5 Secretariat
SC 4
Industrial
Data
Advisory
Group
SC 2
Robots for
Manufacturing
Environments
SC 1
Physical
Device
Control
PT1
Revision of
ISO 10218
QC - Quality Committee
WG2
Part Library
WG3
Product Modeling
JWG8**
Industrial manufacturing
management data
JWG9
Electrical & electronic
applications
WG11
Express language, implementation methods
WG12
Common resources
PPC
Policy & planning committee
WG8
Distributed installation in industrial applications
WG4
NC Programming
Languages
WG7
Data modeling for
integration of physical
devices
WG1
Modeling & Architecture
MT1
Communications & Interconnections
Manufacturing Software & Environment
WG5
Application Integration Frameworks
WG6
Application Service Interface
JWG15
Enterprise-Control System Integration
Diagnostics/Maintenance/Control Integration
SG1
Vocabulary and terminology
Industrial manufacturing management data
SC 5
Architecture,
Communications &
Integration Frameworks
IEC/ISO 62264
ISO/TC 184
Industrial Automation Systems & Integration
ISO 15531
Source: Richard Martin
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

10. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
IEC/ISO Concepts
Purdue Reference Model
Hierarchical
Developed for Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Life Cycle enabled decomposition of
Enterprise functions and
Control functions
Represented in processes and activities
With inputs and outputs to use and produce information objects
Information flow between functions
Represented by the content of interfaces
Via object models and attributes defined in UML
XML based Messaging
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

11. IEC/ISO 62264 Structure Other ISO Standards Business Planning
Level 4
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Business Planning
& Logistics
Plant Production Scheduling,
Operational Management, etc
Manufacturing
Operations Management
Dispatching Production, Detailed Production
Scheduling, Reliability Assurance, ...
Discrete
Control
Batch
Continuous
62264 Parts 1, 2, and 5 Standards and B2MML
Other IEC, OPC, & OMAC Interface Standards
Future Parts 3 and 4 Standards
IEC Batch Standards
Other ISO Standards
Harmonisation of Standards
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12. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
IEC/ISO 62264, B2MML Message
Production Schedule
Production Request
Segment Requirement
Material Produced
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

13. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
ISO Concepts
Resource Model defines
Resources (raw material, consumables..)
without inputs and outputs
The Resource Information Model defines
Humans, devices, software, data sets
Capacity and Capability
To describe functional aspects of manufacturing resources
Product Data Model defined with
STEP and
EXPRESS Language
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

14. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
ISO RIM Structure
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15. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
Content Summary
IEC/ISO 62264, a multi part standard, defines activity models of manufacturing operations management that enable the enterprise system to control system integration
ISO 15531, MANDATE, a multi part standard provides the representation of data related to the management of the production process and the exchange and sharing of management data within and between enterprises
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

16. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
Comparison (1)
Commonalities, both standards
Are concerned with the management of manufacturing data
Model resources and manage the usage of resources
Define generic interfaces for information exchange
Reference the relevant ISO standards
Differences between both standards
In content, but no apparent contradictions in concept
In the set of common constructs and methodology
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

17. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
Comparison (2)
IEC/ISO ISO Models
Purdue RM, Activity models, UML RIM with STEP/EXPRESS
Modelling Constructs
Activity sub-types Generic Activity types
Terminology
Particular definitions Particular definitions
IEC ISO Model
Purdue, Activity models, UML RIM with STEP/EXPRESS
Modelling Constructs
Adapted Activity sub-types Generic types
Terminology
Own definitions Own definitions
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

18. Proposed Structure for EI Standards
Source: K. Kosanke
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA

19. IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA
Conclusion
To harmonise EI Standards it is recommended to
Use the same definitions, terminology and notations
Create mapping of key concepts and constructs
Provide an open library of reference models and construct types
Develop a more comprehensive system framework and/or standards structure
Involve all stake holders (developers, integrators and users
Note: Collaboration and consensus building between organisations is a prerequisite
Harmonisation of Standards
for Enterprise Integration.
IFAC World Congress’05, PRAHA