1. Managing Stress

2. Coping with Stress 1.Prevention (Situational) 2.Problem-focused approach (Rational coping / Reframing) 3.Emotion-focused approach (Body focus – reducing impact of stress)

3. Healthy lifestyle Time-management Attitude Prevention

4. Aerobic exercise –As reliever of depression and stress –Neurosci Vid #22: Activity, Exercise, and the brain Depression score 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 No-treatment group Aerobic exercise group Relaxation treatment group

5. Time-management Time stress Strategies (develop in small groups) Common time-consumers? (identify and minimize) Prioritizing Avoiding procrastination

6. Personality style (e.g., Type A or B; hostility/cynicism vs. “laid-back” Optimism Attitude

7. Type A Modifying Type A life-style can reduce recurrence of heart attacks Percentage of patients with recurrent heart attacks (cumulative average) 65432106543210 Year 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Life-style modification patients Control patients Modifying life-style reduced recurrent heart attacks

8. 2. Problem-focused approach Problem-solving Assertiveness (e.g., saying “no” to demands) Cognitive restructuring (managing self-talk – particularly unrealistic, irrational self-talk)

9. Cognitive Restructuring Stressful event (tough psych test) Threat (“*%#@! I’m gonna bomb!”) Challenge (“I’ve got to apply all I know”) Panic, freeze up, Procrastinate… Optimal Aroused Focused Prepared Appraisal Response

10. Social support Research on s.s. and health/well-being grooming in primates “tend-and-befriend” love, relating, and oxytocin ( Neurosci Vid # 51) 3. Emotion-focused approach

11. Relaxation strategies Biofeedback Emotion-focused approach