1. UK e-Science Programme ‘e-Science is about global collaboration in key areas of science, and the next generation of infrastructure that will enable it.’ John Taylor Director General of Research Councils Office of Science and Technology ‘[The Grid] intends to make access to computing power, scientific data repositories and experimental facilities as easy as the Web makes access to information.’ Tony Blair, 2002 Neil Geddes PPARC Director, e-Science

2. UK e-Science Programme First Phase: 2001 –2004 Application Projects –£74M –All areas of science and engineering Core Programme –£15M + £20M (DTI) –Collaborative industrial projects Second Phase: 2004 –2006 Application Projects –£96M –All areas of science and engineering Core Programme –£16M + ? –Core Grid Middleware –Data Curation –Industrial projects

3. UK e-Science Projects: First Phase Particle Physics and Astronomy (PPARC) - Mission Critical GRIDPP ASTROGRID Grid-1D Engineering and Physical Sciences (EPSRC) – Pilots, new ways of working Comb-e-Chem DAME DiscoveryNet GEODISE myGrid RealityGrid Natural Environment Applications (NERC) -Deployment + exemplar Climateprediction.com GODIVA Oceanographic Grid e-Minerals Molecular Environmental Grid NERC DataGrid GENIE

4. UK e-e-Science Projects: First phase Medical Applications (MRC) - Exemplars Biology of Ageing (with BBSRC) Sequence and Structure Data Molecular Genetics Cancer Management (with PPARC) Clinical e-Science Framework Neuroinformatics Modeling Tools Biotechnology and Biological Sciences (BBSRC) Biomolecular Grid Proteome Annotation Pipeline High-Throughput Structural Biology Global Biodiversity

5. SuperJANET4

6. UK Grid for Particle Physics GridPP www.gridpp.ac.uk LHCb ATLAS CM S Phase-2: 25 TFLOP++ UK Grid for Particle Physics

7. UK “Core Programme” UK e-Science Grid and e-Science Institute Training programme, Research seminars www.nesc.ac.uk Network of e-Science Centres Core e-Science grid Regional expertise Grid resources (+Access Grid) Industrial projects Support for e-Science Projects Grid Support Centre Grid Network Team National certificate Authority Development of Generic Grid Middleware Grid Grand Challenge Projects (IRC’s) Outreach and International Involvement DTI’s GO programme Cambridge Newcastle Edinburgh Oxford Glasgow Manchester Cardiff Southampton London Belfast DL RAL Hinxton

8. Industrial Involvement Over 80 UK companies participating Over £30M industrial contributions IT Companies Sun, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, SGI, HP, Fujitsu, Cisco Major End User Companies Rolls Royce, Data Systems and Solutions, BAESystems, Shell, Siemens, GSK, Astra-Zeneca, Pfizer, Merck, Schlumberger, BT, … SME’s NAG, Cybula, Compusys, Mesophotonics, Fluent, Epistemics, Mirada, ….

9. Phase 2 From Prototype to production –Integration of Particle Physics/Core programme/other grids UK Grid = ? TFLOP + 10 TFLOP HPC Enabling Grids for E-science in Europe (EGEE) -> Production system for LHC –Grid Operations Centre, CA, Security Operations, Network Monitoring e-Science Institute Core Middleware engineering –Open Middleware Infrastructure Institute National Data Curation Centre e-Science Exemplars/New Opportunities Medium/long term Computer Science research Outreach and International involvement

10. UK e-Science Grid(s) UK e-Science Production Grid(s) (SLA’s) UK e-Science Production Grid(s) (SLA’s) Core Grid Support Core Grid Services Campus Grid Campus Grid Inter campus (VO) Grid Almost by definition, a successful Grid or e-Infrastructure will only “own” a small part of the available (intgerated) resources

11. Looking Beyond 2006 Persistent UK e-Science Research Grid Integrated with international grids Grid Operations/Support Centre Core Infrastructure UK Open Middleware Infrastructure Institute National e-Science Institute UK Digital Curation Centre AccessGrid Support Service e-Science/Grid collaboratories Legal Service International Standards Activity

12. Access Policies Still a developing area GridPP –Authentication Anyone in a collaborating institute can get a UK certificate Any valid (DataGrid) cert can authenticate to the resources on GridPP –Authorisation Authority to use the resources is controlled by local policy –Based on the users Virtual Organisations (experiments) »LCG access policy –Resources construct local authorisations based on VO’s they choose to allow/support »Not fully yet there »Must include accounting in future

13. Access Policies -2 Core e-Science Grid –Authentication The UK CA Policy document says.... –"The e-Science CA issues certificates for e-Science activities funded by the UK Research Councils. The CA will issue personal, server and service certificates.“ –Authorisation Core grid nodes –Any scientists have access via a UK Digital Certificate. »At the start it will be on a first come basis. »More formal policy if demand is overwhelming (e.g. HPCX) Other resources Currently informal –Definite commitment in future –SLA for production Grid

14. Issues Greatest barriers to wide-scale e-infrastructure are not (only) technical, but human and bureaucratic. –Natural resistance among system managers, group leaders, Institute Heads etc to "give away" resources to people outside their institutions. Manifests itself in very rigid security and acceptable use policies –E.g. only users who attend the helpdesk in person and sign a form can be given access –This paranoia is enhanced by legitimate concerns about hackers. Complicated by project based funding for many resources –Often you are simply not allowed to share the resources by the agency which paid for them. Much privacy, IPR and data protection legislation, tends to inhibit openess in general, and filesharing mechanisms in particular. –“Collaborative projects are good for scientific advance, but bad for making money by capturing IPR.”

15. Simple Example TeraGyroid prize winning demo at SC2003 Grid linked UK Supercomputers and remote visualisation centres –UK CSAR (Manchester U.) + HPCX (Daresbury Lab.) –US ETF (Illinois, Pittsburgh, San Diego) Allowed scientists to interact with the computer models as they evolved in real time. –Lattice Boltzmann fluid flow calculations Demo’d for 72 hours ! Won a prize Can not do it right now !

16. Conclusions UK e-Science programme now in it’s 3 rd year Broad take up across science and industry Moving from prototype to Production There is demand for common tools/services Common goals help to drive access + sharing Real issues around security and IPR –Sometimes connected to current lack of robustess