2. Merrill Holt Director Parallel Server Product Management Oracle Corporation

3. Oracle Parallel Server Cache Fusion Delivers Scalability Oracle9i

4. Oracle9i Parallel Server  Oracle9i Parallel Server is designed for today’s most demanding deployments – Server consolidation means very large user populations – Critical e-business requires full time service – Rapid growth shortens capacity planning

5. Oracle9i Parallel Server  Major changes in Oracle9i – Scalability with full Cache Fusion architecture – Improved availability – Improved manageability

6. Oracle Parallel Server Architecture Clustered Database Servers Mirrored Disk Subsystem High Speed Switch or Interconnect Hub or Switch Fabric Network Centralized Management Console Storage Area Network Low Latency Interconnect VIA or Proprietary Drive and Exploit Industry Advances in Clustering Users No Single Point Of Failure

7. Oracle Parallel Server Database Challenges: Scalability  Scale to Millions of Users – Transparently – All types of applications  Scale workloads without limits  Grow storage easily  Scale to Millions of Users – Transparently – All types of applications  Scale workloads without limits  Grow storage easily

8. Scalability Overview  Transparent application scalability  Enhanced IPC (Inter-Process Communication)  Simplification of lock configuration  Tuning flexibility  Tuning automation

9. Out-of-the-Box Transparent Application Scalability  In the past clustered databases scaled well for specific types of applications – Data Warehouse – Parallel-enabled OLTP  Oracle Parallel Server with Cache Fusion is a breakthrough in parallel database technology delivering transparent scalability to all types of applications

10. Cache Fusion Architecture  Full Cache Fusion – Cache-to-cache data shipping – Shared cache eliminates slow I/O – Enhanced IPC  Allows Flexible and Transparent Deployment Users Shared Cache Cache Fusion

11. Full Cache Fusion Database Node A Database buffers Node B Database buffers Request Data Transfer  Oracle9i Cache Fusion increases performance and scalability by reducing communication latency – Data is shipped directly over high speed interconnect – Minimize disk I/O

12. Cache Fusion Manages Inter Instance Requests  Readers and writers accessing instance A gain access to blocks in instance B’s buffer cache  Four types of block contention  Coordination by Distributed Lock Manager Read Read Request for Block Cache A ReadRead WriteWrite WriteWrite Lock Status Block in Cache B ReadRead Read Read WriteWrite WriteWrite

13. Transparent Scaling  Scalable Instance Coordination – Multiple LMDs (Lock Manager Daemon) – Intelligent message batching – Enhanced flow control and buffer handling – Faster, concurrent cross instance calls using IPC instead of multiple DLM operations – Enhanced asynchronous IPC

14. Distributed Lock Manager LMD LMON LCK DLM Lock Database Shared Pool SGA Inter- instance lock processing

15. Processes in a Parallel Server Instance Fulfills lock manager service for PCM locks Handles Cache Fusion Processing Provides Cluster Monitoring Handles Non-PCM Locks LMON LMD LCK Other Processes - PMON - SM ON - DBWR - LGWR - CKPT Foreground Processes (Oracle Shadow Processes)

16. Enhanced IPC  Global IPC service layer – Each requesting server process handles asynch IPC – Efficient I/O implementation  Remote memory operations for direct DMA – Exploit modern low latency interfaces  New V$ tables for IPC statistics

17. Lock Simplification and Automation  Automatic DLM configuration – Automatic derivation of DLM configuration – No INIT.ORA lock parameters required – Improved lock efficiency and memory management  Dynamic lock affinity – DLM locks dynamically remastered reducing locking overhead – Cache layer determines policy for remastering

18. Tuning Flexibility  Improved insert concurrency  Flexibility in free-list group mangement – Add free-list groups to existing database objects – Altering free-list groups of existing database objects

19. Database Challenges: Availability Oracle Parallel Server  Be available all the time – design for fault tolerance – provide fast and reliable fault recovery – eliminate maintenance downtime  Support mission-critical business operations  Be available all the time – design for fault tolerance – provide fast and reliable fault recovery – eliminate maintenance downtime  Support mission-critical business operations

20. No Single Point of Failure  Parallel Server – Exploits clusters for very high availability – Overcomes the limitations of traditional failover solutions by providing:  Concurrent processing  Load Balancing  Fast time to recovery  No single point of failure – Network, Storage – CPU, OS

21. NEW in Oracle9i: Availability Features  Reduced time to recovery – Concurrent lock reconfiguration and instance (cache) recovery  Lock replay only for dead masters/locks  Deferred/lazy lock remastering  Batching of reconfiguration messages  Parallel replay processing by multiple LMDs  Optimal lock invalidation  Optimized special reconfiguration case (e.g. 2->1)  Fast/reliable detection of node/network failure

22. Database Challenges: Manageability Oracle Parallel Server  Create one virtual system to configure and manage  Single system image for the database integrated with the cluster  Create one virtual system to configure and manage  Single system image for the database integrated with the cluster

23. Oracle Parallel Server Manageability  Single system Image – Single Oracle Database – One virtual system to configure and manage – Single management console  Cluster-wide Monitoring & Diagnostics

24. NEW in Oracle9i: Parallel Server Manageability Features  Improved Single System Image  Exploit cluster file systems  Improved tools infrastructure for management – Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) – Enterprise Manager (EM) – Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) – Net8 Assistant (Net8CA) – Recovery Manager (RMAN)  First pass diagnostics

25. Improved Configuration  Centralized, persistent configuration storage – Eliminates consistency problems with the per node text file based Parallel Server configuration in prior versions. – Utilities to migrate previous Parallel Server configurations  Enhanced DBCA & Net8CA functionality – Robustness – Capability to add and delete instances

26. Improved Administration  Dynamic node addition to cluster – Add a node in both the system and Parallel Server  Better integration with Oracle Enterprise Manager – View and update server side initialization parameter file (SPFILE) – Assign private rollback segments to Parallel Server instances

27. Improved Administration  Better integration with OEM (Contd.) – Enhanced monitoring capability and events available with OEM and performance packs  Cache Fusion statistics  Statistics for interconnect block traffic  Statistics for the entire database or per instance  New EM events associated with new statistics

28. Improved Diagnosibility  Server side capability – First pass analysis on problems  Reduces the turnaround time to resolve bugs  Enables analysis of intermittent, hard to reproduce problems – Reduces need for diagnostic patches

29. Microsoft Windows Platform Integration  Integration with Microsoft Cluster Server  Cluster Pre-install Tool – Disk diagnostics – Extensive consistency checks across nodes  Multi-Instance Capability – Enable multiple instances on a single node  Multi-Database Capability – Support multiple databases on the same cluster

30. Oracle9i Delivers Performance and Scalability  In today’s rapidly changing environment: – Internet users and transaction volumes grow extremely rapidly – Data warehouse systems must support very large data volumes – Server consolidation drives the need for large scale systems  Oracle9i provides the ability to deploy as you grow

31. A Q & Q U E S T I O N S A N S W E R S