1. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 1 EU Conference on Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes The Substitution Approach in Other Policy Areas Joachim D’Eugenio

2. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 2 Other policy areas þWater policy, the Water Framework Directive þIndustrial pollution, the IPPC Directive þOthers such as workers protection

3. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 3 Water policy

4. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 4 The new Directive Water Framework Directive European Parliament and Council Directive 2000/60/EC of 23 Oct. 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy Priority Substances Decision European Parliament and Council Decision No. 2455/2001/EC of 20 November 2001 establishing the list of priority substances in the field of water policy

5. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 5 Concept urban waste water nitrates IPPC & other industry discharges chemicals pesticides biocides landfills sewage sludge drinking water bathing water Measures under Water Framework Directive Coordination of all other measures

6. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 6 Provisions with regards to hazardous substances (in surface waters) Strategies against pollution On Community level: specific measures for priority (hazardous) substances On Member State level: pollution control for point and diffuse sources of other pollutants on the basis of the “combined approach”

7. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 7 Specific measures for priority hazardous substances: cessation of discharges, emissions and losses within 20 years Level of measures Specific measures for priority substances: progressive reduction of discharges, emissions and losses

8. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 8 Priority setting C Ombined Monitoring-based and Modelling-based Priority Setting Method for the selection of priority substances

9. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 9 COMMPS method Relative Risk = Exposure x Effects “Top 30” selected according to their risk to or via the aquatic environment Concentrations from data of monitoring or modelling eco-toxicity, bioaccumulation and human health

10. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 10 þ 658 candidate substances þ  750 000 aquatic monitoring data þ  69 000 sediment monitoring data þ monitoring data for 330 substances þ data from all Member States and EUREAU þ modelling data for 318 substances (IUCLID database of the European Chemicals Bureau) COMMPS procedure (data)

11. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 11 Commission proposals within in 2003 for emission controls and quality standards Next steps þ surface waters, þ sediments or þ biota þ principle sources þ cost-effective and proportionate level and combination þ product controls and emission limit values

12. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 12 Substitution in water policy 4Priority hazardous substances should be substituted ass soon as possible 4Substitution approach for future emission controls 4Additional tools for comparative assessment of impacts to water (e.g. priority setting, COMMPS) þsynergies with chemical policy

13. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 13 Industrial Pollution

14. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 14 IPPC Directive (96/61/EC) The IPPC Directive* covers 1. Prevention of pollution caused by production –selection of raw and auxiliary materials –cleaner production processes 2. Control of pollution caused by production –end-of-pipe abatement techniques It does not cover - Pollution caused by products

15. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 15 4Energy industries 4Production and processing of metals 4Mineral industry 4Chemical industry 4Waste management 4Other activities, e.g. þProduction of pulp and paper þPre-treatment of textiles þPrinting, coating, degreasing, waterproofing etc. Annex I: CATEGORIES OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES IPPC Activities

16. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 16 4BEST means “most effective in achieving a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole” 4AVAILABLE means “developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions, taking into consideration the costs and advantages” 4TECHNIQUES include “both the technology used and the way in which the installation is designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned” Definitions in the IPPC Directive: Best Available Techniques

17. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 17 Annex IV Considerations to be taken into account generally or in specific cases when determining BAT, bearing in mind the likely costs and benefits of a measure and the principles of precaution and prevention: … 2. the use of less hazardous substances... Substitution and BAT

18. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 18 4required by Directive 4purpose to support permitting authorities 4published BAT Reference Documents (BREFs) for each sector 4BREFs should be taken into account by the permitting authorities BAT Information Exchange

19. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 19 4Iron and steel production 4Cement and lime production 4Non ferrous metals processing 4Pulp and paper production 4Glass production 4Ferrous metal processing 4Cooling systems 4Chlor-Alkali production 4Tanning of hides and skins 4Large-Volume Organic Chemicals production 4Waste water and waste gas treatment in the chemical industry 4Refining of mineral oil Finalised BREFs

20. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 20 5.2 Substitution of chemicals For the substitution of chemicals, BAT is: to substitute less harmful chemicals for agents and auxiliaries that are known to be harmful to the environment to maintain an inventory of inputs and outputs, their fate in processes and releases to measure appropriate parameters to monitor the environmental releases to exercise responsible management including e.g, awareness of the chemicals applied in the process (including ready-made supplies), staff training, information and safety measures for workforce and environment. E.g. Tanneries BREF

21. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 21 There are BAT conclusions for the substitution of - Biocides - Halogenated organic compounds - Organic solvents (non-halogenated) - Surfactants - Complexing agents - Ammonium deliming agents - Tanning agents - Dyestuffs - Fatliquoring agents - Finishing agents -... E.g. Tanneries BREF

22. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 22 4Substitution is incorporated into the BAT concept 4Made operational through the sector-based BREFs 4Tool for reporting successful substitution of chemicals is the European Pollutant Emission Register (EPER) Substitution and IPPC

23. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 23 Other relevant policy areas VOC Directive (1999/13/EC) The IPP Green Paper (7.2.2001) 4Directive protection of the health and safety of workers from the risks related to chemical agents at work (98/24/EC)  Directive on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens at work (90/394/EEC) Workers protection policy

24. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 24 Conclusions 4Substitution is widely known as an available tool in other policy areas 4operational examples in IPPC and workers protection legislation 4strong links and potential for synergies with chemical policy

25. European Commission, DG Environment Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil EU Substitution Conference - Hamburg, 13/14 June 2002 Slide 25 More information On environmental policy incl. water: http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment On IPPC and BREFs: http://eippcb.jrc.es/pages/FActivities.htm Email: joachim.d’eugenio@cec.eu.int