1. 1 SkyNet Security System Joe Schartman joesch@scallinuxsystems.com12-07-08

2. 2 Executive Summary Network Security System using C amera, Radar, and Ground Sensors Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Customer Stakeholders include: – DHS Contractors – DHS Border Agents –Cyberdine Systems Development Team –Location Law Enforcement –Local Government Officials Base stations (BS) for Computer Networks Sensor Towers Sensor Networks joining Area BS and Towers

3. 3 SBINet Sensor Network Overview Ad hoc network (self-organized) Environment-to-person colaboration communication Nodes: –Large Number (100-1000s) –Sensing Capabilities include Radar, Camera, Ground –Communication, Processing, Memory Capabilities – Comprehensive Situational Awareness Base station - BS – Common Operating Picture (COP) Stations –Command Controller (C2) –Mobile and Stationary COPs

4. 4 SBINet Sensor Network Connections sensor aggregator relay {

5. 5 SBINet Sensor Network Applications Possible tasks: Data Gathering: –seismic –acoustic –intelligence Monitoring: –Climate –Equipment –Movement –Security Areas Possible users: -Authorities -Di saster prevention - Security monitoring - Contraband Smuggling - Law enforcement -Scientific community C reate or validate models -Private (home automation) - Vacation Monitoring - Remote Controlling

6. 6 SBINet Network Design Issues Power efficiency –Node life-time –Network life-time Localization –Range based (Time Of Flight, RSSI etc.) –Range free (based on anchors with known positions and hop count) –GPS, JTRS, and P25 Radios integrated with C2 Controllers –Tower Based Radar and Camera sensorss Security –Secure Positioning, User Authentication, PKI Key Encroption –Data Validation with Role Based Priviledges Packaging –Strong environmental constraints depending on the application Data Processing

7. 7 Risk Mitigations Financial, Operational, and Schedule Prototype System using Sensor Simulations –Reduces Protype Sensor Hardware Costs –Validates System Interfaces for Next Spiral –Reduces Development Schedule Time –Re-use prior system service orientated software (SOA) services Use Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) process to track requirement changes

8. 8 Contract Risk Reduction – Cost Plus Award Fee (CPAF) contract a base amount fixed at inception of the contract an award amount that maybe earned in whole or in part during performance. – The DHS decided on a CPAF contract to provide motivation for excellence in the areas including quality, timeliness, technical ingenuity, and cost effective management – Use virtual teams at different contractor location System Engineering at Huntsville, AL Software development at Mesa, AZ System Testing at Huntington Beach CA

9. 9 A platform for area monitoring sensors Made by Crossbow Technology Inc Designed for sensor networks Atmel ATMega128 processor Chipcon CC1000 radio Runs TinyOS from its Flash Memory 51-pin connector to interface itself Add-on sensor boards provide sensing for Temperature, Humidity, etc. 5

10. 10 The Operating System: Linux Open source real-time OS with outstanding securiity features Libraries includes network protocols & distributed services Support for Service Orientated Architecture (SOA) Powerful and flexible OS with large community support 6

11. Service Orientated Architecture (SOA) Command and Control (C2) Services Human Machine Interface Middleware Operating System Provides user interface framework in support of C3I service and computer-controlled device interaction Provides a set of C3I domain specific services and interfaces Provide generalized cross domain services that are used by a number of components Defines workflow control between services Provides a set of C3I domain specific services and interfaces Provide generalized cross domain services that are used by a number of components Defines workflow control between services Supports service data exchange on distributed computing platforms Provides common service framework, workflow control, system interoperability, and OS abstraction. Supports service data exchange on distributed computing platforms Provides common service framework, workflow control, system interoperability, and OS abstraction.

12. 12 Design Challenges Test the relevance of the ad-hoc sensor networks model in a concrete application Assess the use of environment-to-person ICTs in developing countries Challenge the ad-hoc networking com- munity’s assumptions on environmental monitoring Raise and address new technical challenges based on a concrete implementation Social Sciences ICTS Environmental Sciences Field

13. 13 An heterogeneous sensor network

14. 14 System characteristics Self-organizing network of heterogeneous wireless sensor-nodes (ease of deployment, non- intrusiveness) Self-powered and autonomous Nodes communicate in a multihop fashion Low data-rate Dynamic scalability Node failure detection Internet-connectivity

15. SkyNet Top Level Schedule

16. 16 Project deliverables Environmental monitoring sensor network User requirements for environmental monitoring in rural developing area Study on relevance of sensor networks for environmental monitoring (focused on security monitoring) Impact assessment Business plan and deployment scenario (replicable and scalable) Project Archive: http://www.scallinuxsystems.com/SkyNet