1. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 1 A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects Ahmad Belhoul Y. Ahmet Şekercioğlu Nallasamy Mani Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering Monash University, Melbourne, Australia {ahmad.belhoul, ahmet.sekercioglu, nallasamy.mani} @eng.monash.edu.au

2. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 2 Outline RSVP, Interruption in QoS Mobile IP and HMIP RSVP Message and Object Format RSVP-ME Simulation Results Conclusion & Future Work

3. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 3 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Path Sender Path State

4. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 4 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Path State Sender Path State

5. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 5 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Path State Sender Path State Path State

6. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 6 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Path State Sender Path State Path State Path State

7. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 7 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Path State Sender Path State Path State Path State

8. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 8 Path State RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender Resv Path State Path State Path State

9. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 9 Path State RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender Path State Path State

10. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 10 Path State RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender Path State

11. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 11 Path State RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender

12. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 12 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender

13. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 13 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender

14. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 14 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender

15. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 15 RSVP Reservation Setup Mobile Receiver Sender

16. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 16 RSVP Interruption in QoS Mobile Receiver Sender L2 Handoff Latency Address Resolution L3 Handoff Latency

17. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 17 Mobile Receiver Sender Establishing the Reservations L2 Handoff Latency Address Resolution L3 Handoff Latency RSVP Interruption in QoS

18. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 18 Mobile Receiver Sender Establishing the Reservations L2 Handoff Latency Address Resolution L3 Handoff Latency RSVP Interruption in QoS

19. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 19 RSVP Relinquishing Reservations Mobile Receiver Sender Teardown 1) Teardown message

20. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 20 RSVP Relinquishing Reservations Mobile Receiver Sender 1) Teardown message 2) Timeout

21. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 21 TI QoS Total Interruption in QoS TI QoS = λ Handoff + λ RSVP TI QoS = λ L2 + λ Adr + λ L3 + λ RSVP

22. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 22 Mobile IP Interoperability Correspondent Node HA FA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W

23. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 23 Mobile IP Interoperability Correspondent Node Mobile Host HA FA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W Home Adrs CoA

24. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 24 Mobile IP Interoperability Correspondent Node Mobile Host HA FA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W BU =>HA (CoA, HoA) CoA

25. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 25 Mobile IP Interoperability Correspondent Node Mobile Host HA FA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W Source: CN Destin: HoA

26. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 26 Mobile IP Interoperability HA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W FA Correspondent Node Source: HA Destin: CoA Mobile Host

27. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 27 Mobile IP Triangular Routing HA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W FA Correspondent Node Mobile Host Triangular Routing

28. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 28 Mobile IP Route Optimisation Correspondent Node Mobile Host HA FA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W BU => CN: (CoA, HoA)

29. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 29 HMIP Global Mobility Correspondent Node HA MAP Home N/W Internet PCoA Mobile Host Source: CN Destin: VCoA VCoA AP 2 AP 1 Foreign N/W

30. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 30 HMIP Global Mobility Correspondent Node HA MAP Home N/W Internet PCoA Mobile Host VCoA Source: MAP Destin: PCoA AP 2 AP 1 Foreign N/W

31. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 31 RSVP object RSVP Message Format 8243216 Ver Flags Msg type RSVP Checksum Send_TTL (Reserved) RSVP Length 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 0

32. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 32 RSVP PATH Message 8243216 0001 Flags 0000 0001 RSVP Checksum Send_TTL (Reserved) RSVP Length T_Spec 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 0 Sender Template

33. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 33 RSVP-ME Object Format 8243216 Length (bytes) Class-Num C-Type Object Content 0 1 2 n 0

34. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 34 RSVP-ME Sender Template 8243216 Length (bytes) 0000 1011 0000 0010 Sender IP address Sender Port Number Protocol ID 0 1 2 n 0

35. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 35 RSVP-ME BU object 8243216 0000 0000 0010 0000 11bb bbbb 0000 0010 Home Address (16 bytes) Care Of Address (16 bytes) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 0

36. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 36 RSVP PATH + BU object 8243216 0001 Flags 0000 0001 RSVP Checksum Send_TTL (Reserved) RSVP Length T_Spec 0 1 2 3 4 0 Sender Template Binding Update n

37. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 37 RSVP-ME Operation Correspondent Node Mobile Host HA FA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W

38. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 38 RSVP-ME Operation HA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W FA Correspondent Node PathTear + BU object Mobile Host

39. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 39 RSVP-ME Operation HA Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W FA Correspondent Node Mobile Host

40. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 40 Mobile Receiver Sender RSVP Interruption in QoS

41. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 41 Mobile Receiver Sender RSVP Interruption in QoS

42. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 42 Simulation Model 10 Mbps 80ms 10 Mbps 10ms 10 Mbps 10ms 10 Mbps 10ms 10 Mbps 10ms 1 Mbps 2ms 1 Mbps 2ms N1 MAP N2 N3 AR1 AR2 HA CN i CNCN n+1 CN n+2 MNn+i MN MNn+i

43. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 43 E-Model Ro: Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Is: Simultaneous impairment factor Id: Equipment delay impairment factor Ie: Equipment packet loss impairment factor A: Advantage Factor (A) R = R o – I s – I d – I e + A

44. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 44 E-Model DelayLoss R = 94.2 – ( I d + I e )

45. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 45 R-factor to MOS conversion R-factorQoS Assessment MOS 90 < R < 100Excellent 4.34 - 4.5 80 < R < 90Very Good 4.03 - 4.34 70 < R < 80Good 3.60 - 4.03 60 < R < 70Fair 3.10 - 3.60 50 < R < 60Poor 2.58 - 3.10 0 < R < 50Bad 1.0 – 2.58

46. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 46 RSVP Performance

47. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 47 RSVP Performance ModelQoS Interruption (ms) RSVP over Mobile IP732 RSVP-ME over Mobile IP528 RSVP over HMIP192 RSVP-ME over HMIP168 27.9%12.5%

48. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 48 Conclusion Outlined the inefficiencies of Mobile IP Proposed RSVP Mobility Extension (RSVP-ME) Addressed the MIP encapsulation issue Improved Interruption in QoS Maintained compatibility with RFC 2205 Minimal changes (to end nodes)

49. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 49 Future Work Experiment with other sources of time-sensitive traffic such as Video-over-IP Further reduce the Interruption in QoS by not confining to RFC2205

50. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 50 Thank You!

51. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 51 Simulation Parameters Access Routers Coverage area40 m Distanced Between Access Routers70 m Mobile Node Transmission Range100 m Target MN movementDeterministic Interfering MN movementRandom Waypoint Video CodecMPEG4 Initialization Period20 s VoIP Traffic Parameters VoIP Packet Size 220 bytes VoIP Codec G.711 Codec Bandwidth 88 kbps

52. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 52 RSVP Signaling MNCN BU MN sends a BU 1 Path (CN  MN) Back CN replies with Back and sends a PATH for the (CN  MN) direction 2 VoIP data packets Resv(MN  CN) CN replies with a RESV for the (MN  CN) direction 4 Resv (CN  MN) Path (MN  CN) MN replies with a RESV and sends a PATH for the (MN  CN) direction 3

53. © CTIE 2006A Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance over Wireless Networks using Embedded Mobility-Specific Information in RSVP Objects 53 RSVP-ME Signaling MNCN Path + BU object (MN  CN) MN sends a PATH with a BU object for the (MN  CN) direction 1 Resv (CN  MN) MN replies with a RESV for the (CN  MN) direction 3 Resv + Back object (MN  CN) Path (CN  MN) CN is updated with new CoA It responds with a RESV with a Back object (MN  CN) It issues a PATH for the (CN  MN) direction 2 VoIP data packets