1. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 1 TETRA for Military Communications Applied CIS Technology Branch CIS Division NATO Command, Control & Consultation Agency pcs@nc3a.info

2. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 2 IntroductionIntroduction Does TETRA meet military requirements ?Does TETRA meet military requirements ? What services can TETRA provide to military users ?What services can TETRA provide to military users ? What trails have the military done with TETRA applications ?What trails have the military done with TETRA applications ? Does TETRA Security meet military requirements ?Does TETRA Security meet military requirements ? Effect of frequency allocation on military use of TETRA ?Effect of frequency allocation on military use of TETRA ? Does TETRA meet military requirements ?Does TETRA meet military requirements ? What services can TETRA provide to military users ?What services can TETRA provide to military users ? What trails have the military done with TETRA applications ?What trails have the military done with TETRA applications ? Does TETRA Security meet military requirements ?Does TETRA Security meet military requirements ? Effect of frequency allocation on military use of TETRA ?Effect of frequency allocation on military use of TETRA ?

3. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 3 Why TETRA ? Military role has changedMilitary role has changed Peace-keepingPeace-keeping Peace-supportPeace-support Crisis responseCrisis response OOWOOW Composition of forces has changedComposition of forces has changed increasingly multi-service, multi-nationalincreasingly multi-service, multi-national Military budgets have changedMilitary budgets have changed Military role has changedMilitary role has changed Peace-keepingPeace-keeping Peace-supportPeace-support Crisis responseCrisis response OOWOOW Composition of forces has changedComposition of forces has changed increasingly multi-service, multi-nationalincreasingly multi-service, multi-national Military budgets have changedMilitary budgets have changed

4. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 4 NC3A PCS Study Study all available Personal Communications SystemsStudy all available Personal Communications Systems terrestrial, satcom, COTS & GOTSterrestrial, satcom, COTS & GOTS Evaluate for use against a detailed scenarioEvaluate for use against a detailed scenario Match for suitabilityMatch for suitability different users e.g. military, policing, NGOs, VSOsdifferent users e.g. military, policing, NGOs, VSOs different applications e.g. speech, location, data, videodifferent applications e.g. speech, location, data, video different tasks e.g. liaison, reconnaissancedifferent tasks e.g. liaison, reconnaissance different phases e.g. initial deployment to long-term peace supportdifferent phases e.g. initial deployment to long-term peace support Study all available Personal Communications SystemsStudy all available Personal Communications Systems terrestrial, satcom, COTS & GOTSterrestrial, satcom, COTS & GOTS Evaluate for use against a detailed scenarioEvaluate for use against a detailed scenario Match for suitabilityMatch for suitability different users e.g. military, policing, NGOs, VSOsdifferent users e.g. military, policing, NGOs, VSOs different applications e.g. speech, location, data, videodifferent applications e.g. speech, location, data, video different tasks e.g. liaison, reconnaissancedifferent tasks e.g. liaison, reconnaissance different phases e.g. initial deployment to long-term peace supportdifferent phases e.g. initial deployment to long-term peace support IDENTIFICATION

5. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 5 Terrestrial COTS PCS  GOTS & COTS Digital PMR/PAMR  TETRA, Tetrapol, iDEN, …  Developed for Public Safety & Security  so interesting features for military C 3  Security  air interface encryption  voice, data & signalling  Authentication of radios and network  End-to-end security for voice....  Frequency - Military UHF Band..  GOTS & COTS Digital PMR/PAMR  TETRA, Tetrapol, iDEN, …  Developed for Public Safety & Security  so interesting features for military C 3  Security  air interface encryption  voice, data & signalling  Authentication of radios and network  End-to-end security for voice....  Frequency - Military UHF Band..

6. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 6 TETRA Services Group CommunicationGroup Communication Fast call set upFast call set up –compared to GSM (300 msec typical for local area calls) All informed half-duplex nets (i.e. broadcast and multicast) availableAll informed half-duplex nets (i.e. broadcast and multicast) available Direct Mode OperationDirect Mode Operation No infrastructureNo infrastructure Gateways and RepeatersGateways and Repeaters Emergency & Incident handlingEmergency & Incident handling Call priorities & preemptionCall priorities & preemption Emergency buttonEmergency button Passive monitoringPassive monitoring DispatchingDispatching Net Control Station - Directed NetsNet Control Station - Directed Nets TETRA services  Combat Net Radio featuresTETRA services  Combat Net Radio features Group CommunicationGroup Communication Fast call set upFast call set up –compared to GSM (300 msec typical for local area calls) All informed half-duplex nets (i.e. broadcast and multicast) availableAll informed half-duplex nets (i.e. broadcast and multicast) available Direct Mode OperationDirect Mode Operation No infrastructureNo infrastructure Gateways and RepeatersGateways and Repeaters Emergency & Incident handlingEmergency & Incident handling Call priorities & preemptionCall priorities & preemption Emergency buttonEmergency button Passive monitoringPassive monitoring DispatchingDispatching Net Control Station - Directed NetsNet Control Station - Directed Nets TETRA services  Combat Net Radio featuresTETRA services  Combat Net Radio features

7. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 7 Applications & Services Speech ServicesSpeech Services TalkgroupsTalkgroups –patrols, compound security –logistics Conference CallsConference Calls –command net –liaison, high quality Priority and Pre-emptionPriority and Pre-emption Interconnection / InteroperabilityInterconnection / Interoperability PSTN (if there is one)PSTN (if there is one) Military networksMilitary networks Speech ServicesSpeech Services TalkgroupsTalkgroups –patrols, compound security –logistics Conference CallsConference Calls –command net –liaison, high quality Priority and Pre-emptionPriority and Pre-emption Interconnection / InteroperabilityInterconnection / Interoperability PSTN (if there is one)PSTN (if there is one) Military networksMilitary networks Location servicesLocation services –patrols, logistics, MessagingMessaging –commanders, logistics –policing, compound security –status messages, VIN checks Other data servicesOther data services –file transfer, COP –liaison, command net, logistics updates VideoVideo –VTC for liaison –tele-medicine –reconnaissance Location servicesLocation services –patrols, logistics, MessagingMessaging –commanders, logistics –policing, compound security –status messages, VIN checks Other data servicesOther data services –file transfer, COP –liaison, command net, logistics updates VideoVideo –VTC for liaison –tele-medicine –reconnaissance

8. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 8 Security in TETRA Standards EncryptionEncryption Air interface encryption between Mobile and InfrastructureAir interface encryption between Mobile and Infrastructure End-to-end encryption SFPG Rec 02End-to-end encryption SFPG Rec 02 AuthenticationAuthentication prevention against spoofing, denial of serviceprevention against spoofing, denial of service protect network accessprotect network access Secure disabling and enabling of terminalsSecure disabling and enabling of terminals temporary and permanenttemporary and permanent Encryption (4) and authentication (1) standard algorithms plus user defined algorithmsEncryption (4) and authentication (1) standard algorithms plus user defined algorithms Key managementKey management Key load, OTAKKey load, OTAK EncryptionEncryption Air interface encryption between Mobile and InfrastructureAir interface encryption between Mobile and Infrastructure End-to-end encryption SFPG Rec 02End-to-end encryption SFPG Rec 02 AuthenticationAuthentication prevention against spoofing, denial of serviceprevention against spoofing, denial of service protect network accessprotect network access Secure disabling and enabling of terminalsSecure disabling and enabling of terminals temporary and permanenttemporary and permanent Encryption (4) and authentication (1) standard algorithms plus user defined algorithmsEncryption (4) and authentication (1) standard algorithms plus user defined algorithms Key managementKey management Key load, OTAKKey load, OTAK

9. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 9 Where is the military using TETRA ? ? ? ?

10. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 10 Interoperability I Voice is interoperableVoice is interoperable Email can’t do everythingEmail can’t do everything Voice is interoperableVoice is interoperable Email can’t do everythingEmail can’t do everything

11. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 11 Interoperability II TETRA / Autoko trials AUTOKO - German Army tactical comms Speechinteroperability TETRA / Autoko trials AUTOKO - German Army tactical comms Speechinteroperability

12. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 12 Interoperability III Stanag 4591 vs TETRA & COTS PMR Male Speaker Female Speaker

13. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 13 NC3A TETRA Evaluation System SHAPE - June ‘01

14. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 14 Demonstration Concept Demonstrate the potential role of TETRA in extending NATO voice & data networks to mobile/portable usersDemonstrate the potential role of TETRA in extending NATO voice & data networks to mobile/portable users Demonstrate voice access from fixed system to mobile users through PABX at NC3ADemonstrate voice access from fixed system to mobile users through PABX at NC3A Demonstrate unique TETRA voice services including:Demonstrate unique TETRA voice services including: Rapid call setupRapid call setup Group callsGroup calls Priority callsPriority calls Demonstrate data applications from mobile notebook host through TETRA mobile radio terminal including:Demonstrate data applications from mobile notebook host through TETRA mobile radio terminal including: COP feed from CWAN to portable host running C2PC softwareCOP feed from CWAN to portable host running C2PC software E-mail & web access from portable hostE-mail & web access from portable host Demonstrate the potential role of TETRA in extending NATO voice & data networks to mobile/portable usersDemonstrate the potential role of TETRA in extending NATO voice & data networks to mobile/portable users Demonstrate voice access from fixed system to mobile users through PABX at NC3ADemonstrate voice access from fixed system to mobile users through PABX at NC3A Demonstrate unique TETRA voice services including:Demonstrate unique TETRA voice services including: Rapid call setupRapid call setup Group callsGroup calls Priority callsPriority calls Demonstrate data applications from mobile notebook host through TETRA mobile radio terminal including:Demonstrate data applications from mobile notebook host through TETRA mobile radio terminal including: COP feed from CWAN to portable host running C2PC softwareCOP feed from CWAN to portable host running C2PC software E-mail & web access from portable hostE-mail & web access from portable host

15. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 15 C2PC with TETRA

16. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 16 C2PC Common Operational Picture GPS to MCCIS with TETRA

17. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 17 TETRA Demo Configuration PABX Command & Control System Base Station System Management Switch COP, Web, E-Mail, Apps Application Servers NATO Voice Network PPP Data Interface Mobile Voice Users KIV-7 CFBL Access Router CWAN Portable Data Users

18. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 18 Frequency Allocation in Europe MoU on common frequency allocation has been signed by most European countries MoU on common frequency allocation has been signed by most European countries Some nations sharing allocation and responsibility for public safety and commercial use - operational benefits Some nations sharing allocation and responsibility for public safety and commercial use - operational benefits Could share military and civil allocations - operational benefits, political risks Could share military and civil allocations - operational benefits, political risks Public Safety & Security Currently Reserved NATO Military 380390400383385395393

19. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 19 Frequency Allocation Recent NATO study ranked frequency bandsRecent NATO study ranked frequency bands Looked at existing Military Operational RequirementsLooked at existing Military Operational Requirements UHF is identified as a vital bandUHF is identified as a vital band No current MOR for PCSNo current MOR for PCS PCS MOR is being developedPCS MOR is being developed –Air Working Group, with Land and Maritime WGs 380 - 400 MHz likely to be even more highly valued380 - 400 MHz likely to be even more highly valued Recent NATO study ranked frequency bandsRecent NATO study ranked frequency bands Looked at existing Military Operational RequirementsLooked at existing Military Operational Requirements UHF is identified as a vital bandUHF is identified as a vital band No current MOR for PCSNo current MOR for PCS PCS MOR is being developedPCS MOR is being developed –Air Working Group, with Land and Maritime WGs 380 - 400 MHz likely to be even more highly valued380 - 400 MHz likely to be even more highly valued

20. NATO UNCLASSIFIED 20 Does TETRA meet military requirements ? Services Services  Applications Applications  Ease of deployment Ease of deployment  Interoperability Interoperability  Security Security  Services Services  Applications Applications  Ease of deployment Ease of deployment  Interoperability Interoperability  Security Security 