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ANXIETY DISORDERS EDUCATIONAL FORUM ON BIPOLAR DISORDER AND ANXIETY DISORDERS DR. ROBIN REESAL Medical Director Centre for Depression and Anxiety Adjunct Associate Professor Queen’s University
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ANXIETY DISORDERS INTRODUCTION STRESS NORMAL ANXIETY ANXIETY DISORDERS MEDICAL CUSES OF ANXIETY TREATMENTS SUMMARY
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INTRODUCTION
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Why Discuss Anxiety Disorders? It is the most common mental illness in the U.S. with 19 million (13%) adults between ages 18 – 54 affected In Canada anxiety disorders are one of the top three disorders, mood and substance abuse disorders being common
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Cost to U.S. economy $42 billion People with anxiety disorders seek relief for symptoms that mimic physical illnesses 3 – 5 times more likely to go to the doctor; one of the commonest reasons for Albertans to go to the doctor
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STRESS !
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WHAT IS STRESS? WHAT IS POSITIVE STRESS? WHAT IS NEGATIVE STRESS?
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WHAT IS ANXIETY? “ FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE ”
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WHAT IS NORMAL ANXIETY? Feeling of Alarm, “Worry” Specific Non-specific Short Period of Time Does not Cause Impairment in Social or Occupational Functioning
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WHAT CAUSES ANXIETY? PSYCHOLOGICAL –External Cues –Internal Cues PHYSICAL –External Cues –Internal Cues
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HOW DOES ANXIETY OCCUR? electrical changes Cue Brain psychological physical behavioural chemical changes hormones
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WHAT IS ABNORMAL ANXIETY? PROLONGED ANXIETY THAT AFFECTS SOCIAL LIFE THAT AFFECTS WORK LIFE
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ABNORMAL ANXIETY EQUALS ANXIETY DISORDER
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ANXIETY DISORDERS
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WHO GETS ANXIETY DISORDERS? All Ages Both Sexes
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TYPES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS SPECIFIC PHOBIA 4.5% PANIC DISORDER ± AGORAPHOBIA 2% SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER 4% POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 3.5% OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER 2.5% GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER 3%
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MEDICAL CAUSES OF ANXIETY
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MEDICAL CAUSES OF ANXIETY MEDICAL CONDITIONS FOODS BEVERAGES HERBAL TREATMENTS PRESCRIPTION DRUGS STREET DRUGS
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TREATMENTS
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TYPES OF TREATMENTS COUNSELLING / PSYCHOTHERAPY –Cognitive –Behaviour –Interpersonal DRUG THERAPIES –Minor Tranquilizers –Antidepressant / Anti anxiety
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LENGTH OF TREATMENT SHORT TERM LONG TERM
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SUMMARY STRESS NORMAL ANXIETY ANXIETY DISORDERS MEDICAL CAUSES OF ANXIETY
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