1. Information Technology, The Internet, and You
Chapter 1
Information Technology, The Internet, and You

2. Competencies (Today’s lecture)
Explain the five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data.
Distinguish between system software and application software.
Discuss the three kinds of system software programs.
Distinguish between basic and specialized application software.
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3. Competencies (Next lecture)
1-3
Competencies (Next lecture)
Identify the four types of computers and the six types of microcomputers.
Describe the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input, output, storage, and communication devices.
Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files.
Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, and the Internet.
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Introduction
Computer competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills
Microcomputers are common tools in all areas of life
New forms of learning have developed
New ways to communicate, to find people with similar interests, and to buy goods are available.
Give me an example of how technology changed your life?
To be competent with IT, a comprehension of the five parts an information system are critical (refer to the ensuing slides)
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5. G4TECH VIDEO Click to Play
People – players, coaches, medical staff, computer operator
Procedures – warnings when "big hits" are detected
Hardware – laptop, helmet sensors
Software – specialized software to measure "hit intensity"
Data – real time collection of data via helmet sensors
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6. Five Parts of an Information System
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Five Parts of an Information System
People
Procedures
Software
Hardware
Data
Define an information system
Some students may think of a system as pertaining to just the hardware
Remind them that a microcomputer is part of an information system
To be a competent end user (Key Term), one must understand the essentials of IT
Note that IT stands for information technology (Key Term)
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7. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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8. The 5 pillars of information systems
People: are the end-users
Procedures: the rules and regulations for people to follow when using software, hardware, and data.
Software (aka programs): Step by step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work.
Hardware: the equipment that processes the data to create information.
Data: the raw unprocessed facts including text, numbers, images and sounds.
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9. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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10. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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11. Information Technology (IT)
Information System
People
Data
Hardware
Software
Procedure
Information Technology (IT)
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12. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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13. People How do you used computer applications throughout the day?
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People
Most important part of any system
Contact is …
Direct
Indirect
Computer uses
Business & Entertainment
Education & Medicine
How do you used computer applications throughout the day?
People are the most important part of an information system
Our lives are touched everyday by computers- many time the contact is direct and obvious, such as creating documents using a word processing program or when connecting to the internet. Other times, it isn’t as obvious and is much more indirect as shown in a couple of the pictures
Have students give examples of how they use computer applications throughout the day
Some examples are:
Instant messaging
Web-based applications New photos to be selected.
Personal Web site
Virus protection
TV tuners and video clips
Digital photography
Music
Home networking
Spyware
Job opportunities
Refer to Figure 1-3 on pg. 7 in text provides a partial list of applications that students can use to “Make IT work for You”
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14. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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15. Software Known as Programs Two major kinds of software System Software
Application Software
Software is another name for programs
Programs are instructions that tell the computer how to process data into the form you want
Emphasize differences between application and systems software
System software
Operating system (Key Term)
Utilities
Device drivers (Key Term)
Application software
General-purpose (Key Term)
Special purpose
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16. System Software A collection of programs-not a single program
Enables the application software to interact with the hardware
“Background software” that helps the computer manage its own resources
System software:
Operating systems (which one do you use?)
Utilities (which one did you use last?)
Device Drivers
System
Not a single program
A collection of programs
Two best known Operating systems are:
Windows XP
Mac OS X
Utilities
Service programs (key term)
Performs tasks related to managing computer resources
Device drivers
Application
Return
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17. Application Software End-user software Two major categories
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Application Software
End-user software
Two major categories
Basic Application or General purpose
Specialized applications
What software do you use? Is it basic, or specialized application software?
“End-user” software – these are the types of programs you have to know to be considered computer competent
An example of a basic application is a browser to navigate, explore and find information (Key Term) on the Internet
Two major categories
General purpose - basic programs; “off-the-shelf”
Specialized application – narrow focus on specific disciplines and occupations
Screen capture to be replaced.
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18. Software Application Software System Software Operating Systems
Utilities
Device Drivers
Application Software
Specialized Software
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19. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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20. Hardware
Computers are devices that follow instructions to accept input, process it, and produce information.
In this book, we’ll be focusing on microcomputers, but there are other types of computers that you will probably hear about.
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21. Hardware - Types of Computers
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Hardware - Types of Computers
Supercomputers
Mainframe computers
Minicomputers (also
known as mid-range
computers)
Microcomputers
Computers are devices that follow instructions (how do people instruct computers) to accept input, process it, and produce information.
There are four types of computers
Supercomputers (key term) – the most powerful; special high-capacity computers used in very large corporations (Japan uses it to predict earthquakes).
Mainframe computers (key term) – not as strong as supercomputers; occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms; (insurance companies use to process information about millions of policyholders).
Minicomputers (key term) - known as midrange computers (key term), are refrigerator sized machines used in medium sized companies or departments in large companies
Microcomputers (key term) – least powerful but most widely used and fastest-growing type of computers
Desktop (key term)
Laptop or notebook (key term)
Tablet PC (key term)
Handheld computers (Key Term)
Palm computers (Key Term)
Personal digital assistants (PDA) (Key Term)
Photos to be replaced.
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

22. Supercomputers the most powerful; special high-capacity computers
used in very large corporations
Example: in Japan they uses it to predict earthquakes, NASA uses to predict weather forecast.
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23. Mainframe Computers not as strong as supercomputers;
occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms;
Example: insurance companies use it to process information about millions of policyholders.
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24. Minicomputers known as midrange computers
are refrigerator sized machines
used in medium sized companies or departments in large companies
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25. 1-25
Microcomputer Types
least powerful but most widely used and fastest-growing type of computers
Desktop
Media Center
Notebook or laptop
Netbook
Tablet PC
Handheld (PDAs
Smart phones)
Microcomputers
Desktop
Laptop or notebook
Tablet PC
Handheld computers
Palm computers
Personal digital assistants (PDA)
Photos to be replaced.
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26. 1-26
Desktop Computers
Desktop computers are small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk yet are too big to carry around
Small but not a laptop
Have students begin discussing the type(s) of a desktop computer (key term) they are using or familiar with
Return
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27. Media Center
Blur the line between desktop computers and a dedicated entertainment device.
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28. Notebook or Laptop Computers
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Notebook or Laptop Computers
Notebook computers, also known as laptop computers, are portable, lightweight, and fit into most briefcases
Notebook computers are also known as laptops
Have students begin discussing the type(s) of notebook or laptop computer(s) they are using or familiar with
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29. Netbook
Are smaller, lighter, and less expensive than notebook computers.
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30. Tablet PC
A tablet PC is a type of notebook computer that accepts your handwriting. This input is digitized and converted to standard text that can be further processed by programs such as a word processor.
Accepts handwriting
Ask students if they are familiar with tablet PCs
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

31. Handheld Are the smallest and are also known as palm computers.
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Handheld
Are the smallest and are also known as palm computers.
Personal digital assistants (PDA’s) and smart phones are the most widely used handheld computer.
Personal digital assistants (PDA) are the most widely used handheld computer
Ask students if they are familiar with palm computers or PDAs
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32. Microcomputer Hardware
Four basic categories of equipment:
System Unit
Input/output
Secondary Storage
Communication
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33. System Unit
Systems unit-container houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system
The microprocessor controls and manipulates data to produce information
Memory holds data, instructions, and information.
Memory is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

34. 1-34
Input/Output Devices
input device translates data and programs that people use into a form that computers can use. The most common input devices are keyboard and mouses.
Output devices translate the information processed from computers into a form that humans can understand. The most common are printers and monitors.
input device translates data and programs that people use into a form that computers can use. The most common input devices are keyboard and mouses.
Output devices translate the information processed from computers into a form that humans can understand. The most common are printers and monitors.
Return
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35. Secondary Storage
Unlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even if electrical power is not available
The most important types of secondary media are hard, solid state and optical disks
Secondary story holds data and programs even when electrical power is not available.
The most important types of secondary media are hard, solid state and optical disks.
Hard disks use a rigid metalic platter with read/write heads that move across the platter. Data are stored using magentic charges.
Solid State storages does not have moving parts, like Solid state drives (SSD), flash memory cards, and USB drives.
Optical discs uses laser technology. You are probably familiar with CD, DVD, and HI-Def disks.
Return
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36. Secondary Storage 1) Hard Disks
uses a rigid metallic platter with read/write heads that move across the platter. Data are stored using magnetic charges.
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37. Secondary Storage 2) Solid State Storage
Solid State storages does not have moving parts, more reliable, and require less power.
Solid state drives (internal hard disk)
flash memory cards (used in portable devices)
USB drives (commonly used).
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38. Secondary Storage 3) Optical Discs
Optical discs uses laser technology and have the greatest capacity.
You are probably familiar with CD, DVD, and HI-Def disks.
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39. Communications
Communication Devices provide microcomputers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems across the globe
The modem is the most widely used communication device
Modems modify telephone communications into a form that can be processed by a computer
Modems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone lines
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40. Information System People Data Hardware Software Procedure
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41. Data Raw, unprocessed facts Processed data becomes information
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Data
Raw, unprocessed facts
Processed data becomes information
Stored electronically in files
Document files
Worksheet files
Database files
Presentation files
Data are raw unprocessed facts describing something using text, numbers, images, and sounds.
Contained in files for documents, worksheets, and databases
Document files (key term) - usually created by word processors
Worksheet files (key term) - electronic spreadsheets
Database files (key term) - electronic database management programs
Presentation files (key term) - electronic slide shows
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42. Document Files
Created by word processors to save documents such as memos, term papers, and letters
Word processors are used to prepare written documents
Create text-based documents
One of the most flexible and widely used software tools
Features to make entering, editing, and formatting documents easy
Return
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43. 1-43
Worksheet Files
Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict sales
Files created by spreadsheet programs
Uses functions and formulas to analyze numeric data
Manipulates numeric data
Features include workbooks, worksheets, cells, ranges, text and numeric entries, formulas, functions, charts, recalculation, and what-if analysis
Return
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44. 1-44
Database Files
Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data
A database management system (DBMS) or database manager is a program that sets up, or structures, a database
Files created by database management programs
Organizes data for efficient retrieval
Is the electronic equivalent of a file cabinet
It also provides tools to enter, edit, and retrieve data from the database
Return
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45. Presentation Files
Created by presentation graphics programs to save presentation materials. For example, a file might contain audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides.
Used to create a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting presentations
Features include slides, AutoContent wizard, color schemes, slide layouts, special effects, master slides, and design templates
Presentation files may contain audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides
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46. Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and the Internet
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Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and the Internet
Connectivity
Sharing of information
Wireless communication has widespread use
Computer networks
Connected communication system of computers
Largest network is the Internet
Connectivity is the capability of your microcomputer to share information with other computers
A network is central to the concept of connectivity
Ask students questions about the Internet. Here are some facts:
Who owns the internet?
Who developed the internet?
The Internet is a network of networks
The Word Wide Web (key term) (WWW) provides multimedia interface to resources on the Internet
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47. 1-47
Careers in IT
For a complete listing of careers, visit keyword: careers
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