1. 11. UNEF and “Traditional Peacekeeping” Part I

2. 11. UNEF and “Traditional Peacekeeping” I Learning Objectives – Describe the creation of UNEF – Familiar with the politics of peacemaking and peacekeeping – Understand the operational challenges – Apply the “Traditional Peacekeeping” Model

3. 11.2 The Suez Crisis Also known as the Tripartite Aggression or the Sinai War

4. President Gamal Abdel Nasser President of Egypt 1956 Nationalized the Suez Canal 26 July 1956

5. PM Robert Anthony Eden PM of U.K. 1955 Situation created by the nationalization of the Suez Canal was “the most hazardous that our country has known since 1940.”

6. PM Guy Mollet PM of France 1956

7. President Dwight Eisenhower President of the United States 1953

8. PM David Ben-Gurion PM of Israel 1955

9. UN Secretary General Dag Hammarskjöld UNSG 1953 – 1961 Swedish Diplomat

10. Peacemaking and Suez

11. 11.2. Peacemaking Efforts Suez Conference (London, 16 August) Security Council Debate The Hammarskjöld mediation

12. The “Six Principles ” 1) There should be free and open transit through the canal; 2) The sovereignty of Egypt should be respected; 3) The operation of the canal should be insulated from the politics of any one country; 4) The manner of fixing tolls should be decided by agreement between Egypt and users 5) A fair proportion of the dues should go to development 6) Disputes should be settled by arbitration

13. 11.2. Peacemaking Efforts The Secret Meetings between France, the UK, and Israel October 19 - 22