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Environmental changes and migration in the Sahel: An exploratory note Aderanti Adepoju Human Resources Development Centre, Lagos, Nigeria

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Presentation on theme: "Environmental changes and migration in the Sahel: An exploratory note Aderanti Adepoju Human Resources Development Centre, Lagos, Nigeria"— Presentation transcript:

1 Environmental changes and migration in the Sahel: An exploratory note Aderanti Adepoju Human Resources Development Centre, Lagos, Nigeria aaderantiadepoju@aol.com

2 Key issues to be addressed environmental change and human mobility; implications of environmental change on human mobility; environmental vulnerability, migration, peace and stability; climate change, human security, conflicts; climate change and forced migration; managing environmental issues at local level.

3 Definitional/typological issues Environmentally induced migration in context of: internal-international migration continuum voluntary-forced migration continuum temporary cross-border workers, seasonal migrants, clandestine workers, refugees and professionals cross-border movements of farm labourers, unskilled workers, female traders and nomads

4 Environmentally-induced population displacements Kinds of disasters deforestation, desertification, land/natural resources degradation climate change, drought, soil erosion, floods, natural disasters, dam construction conflicts, water, air and ground pollution

5 Issues of multi-cuasality poverty, poor living conditions, cultural, religious underlying factors current knowledge not well founded. research-based understanding limited. placing environmental migrants in the voluntary-forced migration continuum unresolved. unexplored agenda: most people impacted by environmental degradation do not migrate.

6 The west African Sahel zone droughts and famine recurring environmental problem imbalanced human and land-environmental systems agriculture lifeline: delicate balance between production system and fragile environment. ecological context: land confiscation for forest reserves rapid population growth; diminished grazing land. overgrazing, deforestation and poor land management.overgrazingdeforestationland management inadequate rainfall and post-drought regeneration

7 Family coping strategies shift from cattle to drought resistant goats employment diversification portfolio selective sponsored migration increasing circular migration diversification of migration destinations stronger lineage control, dual-residence remittances to wider network of kin.

8 Actors Role of sectoral actors NGOs Local communities National authorities Development partners United Nation Agencies Researchers

9 Targeted sectoral activities Basket of intervention measures: Drought - promote irrigation; drought resistant varieties; soil/water conservation; reforestation Desertification - reduce wood cutting; increase tree planting; promote solar cooking. Land degradation: training on sustainable natural resource management, environmental education at village levels. Deforestation: support local NGOs; reduce cost of alternative technologies Conflicts: develop early warning system for conflict prevention; efficient settlement of differences, promote social harmony, democratic principles and popular participation.


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