2. On the interaction between intonational prominence and phrasing – evidence from Swedish Gösta Bruce Lund University Sweden

3. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/2 SIMULEKT Simulating intonational varieties of Swedish (SIMULEKT) Joint research project Lund - KTH supported by the Swedish Research Council (2007-2009) Lund: Gösta Bruce, Susanne Schötz KTH: Björn Granström, Laura Enflo, Jonas Beskow

4. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/3 Goals Gain more precise knowledge about the major intonational varieties of Swedish –Our assumption: prosody – fundamental constituent of distinct native accents of Swedish Develop the Swedish prosody model theoretically and experimentally

5. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/4 Methods Analysis and description of recorded speech: –prosodic (tonal and temporal) patterns –coordination of prosody and segmentals Simulating prosody using SPEECH SYNTHESIS: –resynthesis of recorded speech –“real” speech synthesis Focus on seven main varieties: –South, Göta (West), Svea(East), Dala, Gotland, North, and Finland Swedish

6. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/5 Map of Sweden and the Swedish-speaking parts of Finland

7. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/6 Scandinavian word prosody Stress – like in many Germanic languages Word accent – in most Scandinavian dialects –stød / non-stød in Danish [dynamic] –accent I / accent II in Norwegian and Swedish [tonal]

8. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/7 Word accent types à la Gårding FINLAND Swedish (Helsinki) SOUTH Swedish (Malmö) GOTLAND-DALA Swedish SVEA Swedish (Stockholm) GÖTA Swedish (Göteborg)

9. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/8 Geographical distribution of word accent types (SweDia)

10. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/9 Features of the prosody model Word prosody –Timing characteristics of word accents –Pitch patterns of compound / simplex words Utterance prosody –Intonational prominence levels –Concatenation patterns

11. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/10 Utterance intonation Intonational prominence levels –clear distinction focal / non-focal accentuation (= 2 prominence levels) –no clear distinction focal / non-focal accentuation i.e. equal prominence (= 1 prominence level) Concatenation patterns –tonal concatenation between prominent words of a phrase (pitch patterns of phrasing)

12. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/11 Patterns of tonal concatenation

13. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/12 Comparison Svea & North Swedish Main idea of my paper: Two major intonational varieties of a language – Svea and North Swedish – may be superficially similar in terms of (for example) pitch patterns of citation forms of words but still fundamentally distinct in terms of features of intonational prominence & phrasing

14. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/13 Two speech databases SweDia 2000 (Bank of Sweden, 1998-2003) ≈ 1200 speakers of Swedish from >100 communities (Sweden & Finland) elicited and spontaneous speech SpeechDat (EU project, reference data for ASR) ≈ 5000 speakers (from all over Sweden) read, telephone transmitted speech two prosodically interesting sentences

15. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/14 SpeechDat Mobiltelefonen är nittiotalets stora fluga, både bland företagare och privatpersoner [m ʊˈ bi ː ltele ˌ fo ː nən|e ˈ nit ː i ˌ t ɑː ləts ˈ stu ːɹ a ˈ fl ʉːɡ a ‖ ˈ bo ː dəbl a n ˈ fœ ːɹ ə ˌ t ɑːɡ a ɹ ə ɔ p ɹ i ˈ v ɑː tpə ˌʂ u ː nə ɹ ] ’The mobile phone is the big hit of the nineties both among business people and private persons’

16. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/15 Compound: mobiltelefonen North SwSvea Sw

17. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/16 Two-word phrase: stora fluga North Sw Svea Sw

18. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/17 Complex phrase: både bland företagare och privatpersoner North Sw Svea Sw

19. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/18 Perception test: Background Svea and North Swedish: similar pitch patterns in citation forms (accent I och II, focussed) Potentially distinct in terms of intonational prominence & phrasing: 1.no. of intonational prominence levels (focal/non-focal accent) 2.patterns of tonal concatenation

20. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/19 Perception test: Material Standard Swedish male speaker real words reiterant speech

21. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/20 Perception test: Test design Production-based perception test Computer program (Susanne Schötz) with clickable square on the screen (Praat script, java) Cursor positions (x,y) govern 2 stimulus parameters: –x: no. of intonational prominence levels (Point 1 och 3) –y: patterns of tonal concatenation (Point 2)

22. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/21 Perception test: Results Mean and median values

23. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/22 Tonal representation North Swedish Lexical tones accent I ˈ  L+H accent II ˈ   L+H acc II comp. ˈ  … ˌ  L+H Postlexical tones initial boundary L final boundary L Svea Swedish Lexical tones accent I ˈ  H+L accent II ˈ   H+L acc II comp. ˈ  …. ˌ  H+L Postlexical tones focal accent H initial boundary L final boundary L

24. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/23 North Swedish m ʊˈ bi ː ltele ˌ fo ː nən L (H) L + HL ˈ st u ː ɹ a ˈ fl ʉː ɡ a L + H L + H L Svea Swedish m ʊˈ bi ː ltele ˌ fo ː nən L H + LHL ˈ st u ː ɹ a ˈ fl ʉː ɡ a H+L H+L H L Tonal representation: compound & two-word phrase

25. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/24 Tonal representation: complex phrase ˈ bo ː dəbl a n ˈ f œ ːɹ ə ˌ t ɑːɡ a ɹ ə ɔ p ɹ i ˈ v ɑː tpə ˌʂ u ː nə ɹ L + H L + H L + H L ˈ bo ː dəbl a n ˈ f œ ːɹ ə ˌ t ɑːɡ a ɹ ə ɔ p ɹ i ˈ v ɑː tpə ˌʂ u ː nə ɹ H + L H + LHH + L L North Swedish Svea Swedish

26. 2015-06-03http://project.sol.lu.se/simulekt/25 The Swedish intonation model Updated and revised (Bruce 2007) –a tentative taxonomy of Swedish intonational varieties: Intonational variety:SouthGötaGotl.- Dala SveaNorthFinl.Sw. Prosodic feature: Timing characteristics of word accents lateearlylateearlylateno distinct. Pitch patterns of compounds same distinct same Intonational prominence levels onetwoonetwoone Concatenation patterns lowupdownhighdown