1. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 Integrating Space Radiation Sensing Infrastructures (ISRSI) Review of Old ISRSI Proposal

2. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 Programme and Goals Original ISRSI I3 activity (actually “I2” activity)Original ISRSI I3 activity (actually “I2” activity) Coordinated Action (Network) Coordinated Action (Network) Joint Research Activities Joint Research Activities Trans-national Access Not Mandatory Trans-national Access Not Mandatory  Establish stable links among a targeted number of leading groups in the fields of experimental astronomy/astrophysics and particle physics. The main theme of these activities was space related.  Focus on: X-ray, IR Photons X-ray, IR Photons Low energy gamma rays Low energy gamma rays Low energy particles Low energy particles Radiation effects Radiation effects Databases and modelling tools Databases and modelling tools  Exploit the extraordinary amount of knowledge disseminated around Europe in these fields.  Networking activity - catalyst for the larger European research community involved in the development of space based radiation detectors, radiation environment modelling and radiation data base organisation.

3. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 Programme and Goals  JRA-1 planned to develop and enhance radiation detector technology: Hybrid detectors for broad band X-ray spectroscopy (Compound Semiconductors, CCD, pixel arrays)Hybrid detectors for broad band X-ray spectroscopy (Compound Semiconductors, CCD, pixel arrays) Compound semiconductor detectors for the infraredCompound semiconductor detectors for the infrared Cryogenic arrays for X ray detection and far infrared (mm) wavelengthsCryogenic arrays for X ray detection and far infrared (mm) wavelengths  JRA-2 planned to address the problem of the near Earth radiation environment. A new global radiation environment model was to be developed using available datasets. Through standard interfaces data would be accessed to develop empirical and statistical models.A new global radiation environment model was to be developed using available datasets. Through standard interfaces data would be accessed to develop empirical and statistical models. Advanced modelling of belts based on wave dynamics was to be pursued.Advanced modelling of belts based on wave dynamics was to be pursued. These data and models would be used as a starting point to design and build a prototype of a new generation 4π detector devoted to the high precision measurement of the radiation at high count rates.These data and models would be used as a starting point to design and build a prototype of a new generation 4π detector devoted to the high precision measurement of the radiation at high count rates.

4. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 “Old” ISRSI Consortium  Countries NetworkJRA1JRA2 BelgiumBelgium BulgariaBulgaria DenmarkDenmark FinlandFinland FranceFrance GermanyGermany GreeceGreece Hungary Hungary ItalyItalyItaly NetherlandsNetherlands Portugal RomaniaRomania RussiaRussia SlovakiaSlovakia Spain SwedenSweden Switzerland UKUKUK

5. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI Refereed   General view of the proposal, network, management/organisation and certain elements of JRAs were positive. Proposal above threshold but unfunded.   Integrating activity: Achieving the technical goals would benefit at the European level Improved detector technology and transfer to industry Increased standardisation Brings together universities and industry with complementary expertise Enduring collaboration (cryogenic detectors highlighted) will catalyse next generation space missions. More commitment from ESA required Inclusion of Germany flagged as important, also other institutes missing DSRI in Denmark.   Network: Management plan professional and conceived. Authority balanced amongst institutions. Funds modest. Protection of intellectual properties foreseen. Memorandum of understanding / consortium agreement included. Network: co-ordinate, highly relevant, forum for exchange of data, strategic importance, leadership.

6. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI Refereed   JRA 1 Development of new detectors excellent Technology transfer was viewed very positively Efforts towards HgCdTe arrays for IR redundant Aim more towards existing infrastructures   JRA 2 Motivations not clear Redundancy on radiation belt model development Need for these to inform detector development not justified Construction of 4p detector outside remit of I3 No link to infrastructure.   Additional Points The networking activities are high merit and proposal may be resubmitted as coordinated action. Above threshold 3.83/5 (lowest score combined JRAs of 3.5/5 other sections scored 4/5)

7. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 Integrating Space Radiation Sensing Infrastructures (ISRSI) Review of the Proposed Way Forward

8. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI Redefined: Outline  ISRSI consortium has decided to resubmit the proposal with modifications: Add trans-national access component. Add trans-national access component. Network must be more inclusive of countries flagged by ESA and EU. Network must be more inclusive of countries flagged by ESA and EU. Stronger commitment from ESA. Stronger commitment from ESA. JRAs must be more focused with a clear goal on deliverable infrastructure and aim at existing infrastructures. JRAs must be more focused with a clear goal on deliverable infrastructure and aim at existing infrastructures. More streamlined coordination and management. More streamlined coordination and management.  To address some of these points the ISRSI consortium has agreed to use the ESA Cosmic Visions goals as a guide to alter some of the the aims proposal and JRA goals.  Increasingly difficult for single laboratories or countries to undertake detector development, propose build and test instruments without collaboration, within a country and with EU partners.  Complexity of focal planes and instruments warrants collaboration. Commitment to planetary exploration requires more cooperation at a European level.  EU and ESA have agreed to a joint policy on “Space” which now includes research - lead to a FP7 with stronger “Space” themes.

9. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: Cosmic Vision

10. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI Redefined: Network & Coordination  Most of what was in the original proposal received good feedback so it will not need a much modification.  ISRSI consortium made contact with research laboratories and institutes in Germany and invite them to join both consortium and JRAs: MPE, Munich, Tubingen MPE, Munich, Tubingen DLR, Berlin DLR, Berlin All have expressed an interest in taking part. All have expressed an interest in taking part. Action: Contact DSRI in Denmark and Metorex in Finland as an additional SME, what about PSI? Action: Contact DSRI in Denmark and Metorex in Finland as an additional SME, what about PSI? Although it is good to have a broad representation from all the interested countries and institutes in a network, not all institutes can contribute effectively to all ISRSI goals especially JRAs. Although it is good to have a broad representation from all the interested countries and institutes in a network, not all institutes can contribute effectively to all ISRSI goals especially JRAs. Action: determine whether there is a role for all the old ISRSI interested institutes and what role will best suit the institutes interested in taking part. Action: determine whether there is a role for all the old ISRSI interested institutes and what role will best suit the institutes interested in taking part.

11. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI Redefined: Network & Coordination  Example: the role of the British Antarctic Survey is not clear so should not be a member of the revised ISRSI consortium. It is a politically difficult issue but we need to streamline as much as possible, how this is tackled in a sensitive way should be discussed. It is a politically difficult issue but we need to streamline as much as possible, how this is tackled in a sensitive way should be discussed.  ESAs role should be enhanced: Action: to meet with Science Payloads Technology Division of the Research and Action: to meet with Science Payloads Technology Division of the Research and Science Support Department (Anthony Peacock’s division) Action: ESA should be invited to act as a mediator at management committee level. Action: ESA should be invited to act as a mediator at management committee level. Role of aerospace industry should be enhanced, since industry is more involved in instrumentation R&D and integration in more complex payloads and spacecraft: GAIA is an example Role of aerospace industry should be enhanced, since industry is more involved in instrumentation R&D and integration in more complex payloads and spacecraft: GAIA is an example Action: contact companies like Alenia Spazio, Astrium etc… and invite them to form part of the Network. Action: contact companies like Alenia Spazio, Astrium etc… and invite them to form part of the Network.

12. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 The objective of this scheme is to sponsor new opportunities for research teams (including individual researchers) to obtain access to individual major research infrastructures they require for their work. Such infrastructures must be rare in Europe, must provide a world-class service essential for the conduct of top quality research, and must typically have investment or operating costs that are relatively high in relation to those costs in their particular field. The infrastructures must also be able to provide adequate scientific, technical and logistic support to external, particularly first-time, users. Access may be made available to external users, either in person ("hands-on") or by suitable electronic communications. It may also take the form of provision of remote scientific services, such as the provision of reference materials or samples, the performance of sample analysis, of specific measurements or of experiment-based consultancies. Access to a given infrastructure will be granted following a selection of potential users by "peer review". ISRSI Redefined: Trans-national Access

13. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI Redefined: Trans-national Access  Trans national access component will be: access to the technology developed for specific experiments or access to the facilities involved in the development (hardware, expertise etc…) - enabling step, access to the expertise. Promote interaction between members of the consortium and facilities. Promote interaction between members of the consortium and facilities. Technology transfer between facilities. Technology transfer between facilities. Access to small institutional laboratories - resulting in growth of the laboratories. Access to small institutional laboratories - resulting in growth of the laboratories. Allow research organisations in the consortium to access technology and branch into new research areas, something which is not possible due to lack of expertise or funds. Allow research organisations in the consortium to access technology and branch into new research areas, something which is not possible due to lack of expertise or funds. Also includes consultancy work Also includes consultancy work

14. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: Joint Research Activities  The old JRA1 will be expanded into smaller more focused JRAs. JRA2 deleted.  Link JRAs with Trans-national Access and infrastructures.  Number of named institutes in each JRA reduced.  Reduce the number of named researchers from each participating institute to just one or two representatives.  Management structure ok. Topics: JRA1-Compound Semiconductor Pixel Arrays JRA1-Compound Semiconductor Pixel Arrays JRA2-Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray) JRA2-Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray) JRA3-Cryogenic Detectors (IR) JRA3-Cryogenic Detectors (IR) JRA4-Particle Detection (Si Photomultipliers) JRA4-Particle Detection (Si Photomultipliers)

15. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA1 Pixel Arrays  Innovative steps to meet Cosmic Visions aims for Solar System Exploration and Astrophysics.  SiC, GaAs, CZT, CdTe - Better materials  High resolution spectroscopy and imaging of X-rays and gamma rays  Large area pixel arrays  Within JRA: Explore commonality for different compound semiconductor materials Explore commonality for different compound semiconductor materials o Architecture o Design o Electronics (ASIC) Reduce duplication of effort Reduce duplication of effort Optimise use of funding resources Optimise use of funding resources  Collaborations already exist between members of ISRSI studying the physics of the materials, developing better materials, developing prototype working systems and involvement in flight programmes.

16. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA2 Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray)

17. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA2 Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray) TES and advanced microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy - XEUSTES and advanced microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy - XEUS STJ developmentSTJ development Magnetic calorimetersMagnetic calorimeters Understanding fundamental solid state physics of the detectorsUnderstanding fundamental solid state physics of the detectors Readout development and electronicsReadout development and electronics Improving resolution - if we examine the energy resolution vs time we see that it has reached a plateau and is not getting better at the rate that is required.Improving resolution - if we examine the energy resolution vs time we see that it has reached a plateau and is not getting better at the rate that is required. Making arrays - fundamental enabling step.Making arrays - fundamental enabling step. Development of refrigeration technologies for space.Development of refrigeration technologies for space. Technological commonalities with JRA3 (expertise, read out and electronics, microcalorimeter manufacturing, cryogenics).Technological commonalities with JRA3 (expertise, read out and electronics, microcalorimeter manufacturing, cryogenics). Collaborations exist alreadyCollaborations exist already

18. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA2 Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray) SRON - “the work proposed in JRA2 appears to match closely with an activity initiated by SRON in October 2004 which aims to develop a cryogenic spectrometer for XEUS. The work (“European CryoSpectrometer’) addresses, amongst others, TESs and magnetic calorimeters – Amongst the groups involved in the European CryoSpectrometer: SRON, Genoa (Gatti), Leicester (Fraser), VTT (Helisto, electronics and SQUIDs), as well as Heidelberg (Enns, on magnetic calorimeters, currently lacking in ISRSI). The goal is to have a working prototype spectrometer (i.e. a detector with 25 operating pixels and read-out electronics) and SRON and partners are currently defining a work plan to realize this. SRON is eager to share the plan with ISRSI and/or might serve as point of contact between ISRSI and the EuroCryoSpectrometer consortium.” IASF Rome - “Our program (Gatti/Genova, Piro/IASF Rome) is focused on TES and advanced microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy, i.e. JRA2. For the read- out, we have in place a collaboration with the IFN SQUID group of CNR Rome…we are collaborating with SRON on the development of a cryogenic spectrometer for XEUS.”

19. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA3 Cryogenic Detectors (IR)

20. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA3 Cryogenic Detectors (IR)

21. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA3 Cryogenic Detectors (IR)  Clarification on the technology to pursue.  Possibilities include: TES, KID, and/or the Cold Electron Bolometer? Will the work be targeted to a specific application and which one?  What groups are expected to participate? SRON collaborates with Cardiff (Mauskopf, Ade), Cambridge (Whittington), Chalmers (Kuzmin) works on CEB.  In the summer of 2004 SRON, Cardiff, Cambridge, Chalmers, VTT and ESA (project management: Leone, Bathia) have submitted a STREP (NEST-B3) outline proposal on KIDs and CEB (abbreviated DUS3, which is still under consideration by the EU).  Dependent on the ideas within ISRSI the DUS3 consortium might be approached to contribute to ISRSI.  Commonalities in JRA2 and JRA3 Both JRA2 and JRA3 need dedicated electronics; this is currently covered by VTT. There are a number of options to broaden this: IFN (Rome, Torrioli), JENA, and Heidelberg.  Propose fusing JRA2 and JRA3 and focus only on cryogenic detectors.

22. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: JRA4 Si Photomultipliers  Proposal led by INFN Perugia, Tubingen, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University.

23. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: Message from MPE  MPE have agreed to join the consortium and agreed to be part of a JRA on the development of high speed, high resolution, readout systems for next generation Si detectors - ASIC development  Link with industry - both in UK, Germany and Italy.  The development of these systems would be the infrastructure available to the detector community for future missions.  The addition of the JRA would alter as follows: JRA1-High Speed, High Resolution Readout, Si JRA1-High Speed, High Resolution Readout, Si JRA2-Compound Semiconductor Pixel Arrays JRA2-Compound Semiconductor Pixel Arrays JRA3-Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray and IR) JRA3-Cryogenic Detectors (X-ray and IR) JRA4-Particle Detection (Si Photomultipliers) JRA4-Particle Detection (Si Photomultipliers)

24. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 Integrating Space Radiation Sensing Infrastructures (ISRSI) Final Points

25. ISRSI Meeting, Perugia, January 2005 ISRSI: Final Points  Discussion  Writing Committee: Review of Integrated Activities Review of Management Trans-national Access JRA1 - Compound semiconductor pixel arrays JRA2 - Cryogenic detectors (X-ray) JRA3 - Cryogenic detectors (IR) JRA4 - Si Photomultipliers  Calendar  FP6 workshop London 26 January  Meeting UKRO 31 January  Proposed date of next meeting - 3 & 4 February  Action to meet with Anthony Peacock asap.  Venue for next meeting - TBD  AOB