2. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government1 Copyright Protection in Hong Kong 版權保護在香港 Rachel Pang Solicitor Intellectual Property Department 彭凱恩 律師 知識產權署

3. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government2 大綱 Outline 版權的本質 nature of copyright 版權作品 Copyright Works 受限制的作為 Restricted Acts 複製多少才算侵權 ?When will copying constitute infringement? 法定允許行為 Statutory Permitted Acts Recent Developments in Copyright in Hong Kong 香港版權方面的近期發展

4. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government3 Background 背境 Copyright protection began on 1.7.1912 版權保護始於 1.7.1912 Localised, comprehensive and modernised copyright law came into operation on 27.6.1997 本地化、全面及現代化的《版權條 例》於 27.6.1997 生效

5. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government4 Nature of Copyright 版權的本質 Intangible property 無形資產 Protects form of expression Not ideas 保障表達形式，並非意念

6. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government5 Qualification for Copyright Protection 擁有版權的資格 HK protects copyright works from all over the world 香港保護全世界各地的版權作品

7. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government6 Copyright Works (1) 版權作品 ( 一 ) Original literary works, including computer programs and data 原創文學作品，其中包括電腦軟件及資料數據 Dramatic works 戲劇作品 Artistic works 藝術作品 Musical works 音樂作品 Life of author + 50 years 在生之年 + 50 年

8. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government7 Copyright Works (2) 版權作品 ( 二 ) Sound recordings 聲音紀錄 Films 影片 Broadcasts 廣播 Cable programmes 有線傳播節目 50 years after work is made 製作後 50 年

9. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government8 Copyright Works (3) 版權作品 ( 三 ) Typographical arrangement of published edition 排版 25 years from 1st publication 首次發表後 25 年

10. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government9 Registration ? 註冊 ? Not required 不需要 Protection is automatic once work is created 作品在創作後自動得到保護

11. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government10 Copyright Notice 版權啟事 © Owner, year of first publication © 擁有人 ， 第一次出版年份 Not compulsory 不是強制性 Intends to protect its copyright 有意保護其版權

12. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government11 Ownership 擁有權 Author - first owner 作者 - 第一擁有人

13. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government12 Employee’s Work 僱員作品 Employer as owner 僱主為版權人  Made in the course of employment 在受僱期間製作

14. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government13 Commissioned Work 委託作品 Ownership depends on contract 合約決定擁有權屬於誰 Exclusive licence to use 專用特許使用權

15. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government14 Restricted Acts 受版權所限制的作為 Copying 複製 Issue to the Public 向公眾發放 Public performance 公開表演 Broadcast, Cable programme 廣播、有線傳播 Adaptation 改編本 透過互聯網向公眾提供 making available to the public through the Internet

16. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government15 What is copying ? 何謂複製 ? Not limited to “hard copies” 不只限 “ 複製文本 ” Includes storage by electronic means 包括電子方法貯存 fax, scan, download to hard disk, print 傳真、掃描、下載至硬磁碟、列印 includes copying by hand 包括手抄

17. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government16 When will copying constitute infringement ? 複製多少才算侵權 ? Whole or substantial part 整項作品或實質部份 Quality & quantity 質與量 No prescribed % 沒有規定的比例

18. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government17 Secondary infringement (1) 間接侵權 ( 一 ) Knowingly possess infringing copies in business 於業務中、在知情下管有侵權品 Civil and criminal liabilities 民事及刑事責任 Clarified by the Intellectual Property (Miscellaneous Amendments) Ordinance 2000 2000 年知識產權 ( 雜項修訂 ) 條例作澄清 Regardless of whether business deals in infringing copies 不論業務是否經營侵權品

19. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government18 Secondary infringement (2) 間接侵權 ( 二 ) Copyright (Suspension of Amendments) Bill 2001 2001 年版權（暫停實施修訂）條例草案 Criminal provisions revert to pre-amended position 刑事條文返回修訂前的情形 Except : Movie, TV drama, music recording, computer program 除：電影、電視劇、音樂錄音錄象製品、電腦程式 Amended civil provisions remain unchanged 修訂後的民事條款不變

20. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government Statutory Permitted Acts(1) 法定允許行為 ( 一 ) (a) Primary consideration 基本因素  Does not conflict with normal exploitation of work nor prejudice legitimate interest of copyright owner 沒有抵觸版權人正常利用作品及亦不損害其 合法權益

21. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government Statutory Permitted Acts (2) 法定允許行為 ( 二 ) (b) Specific Purposes 特定目的  Research and private study 研究及私人研習  Criticism & review 批評、評論  Education 教育  Libraries 圖書館

22. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government Research & private Study 研究及私人研習 Fair dealing by researcher or students 研究者或學生公平處理 Whether any dealing is fair depends on 是否公平就須考慮 –purpose of dealing 處理的目的 –nature of work 作品的性質 –quantity and quality dealt with 處理的量與質

23. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government Criticism & Review 批評、評論 Fair dealing 公平處理 Acknowledgement 確認聲明

24. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government23 Specific exemptions in relation to computer program 有關電腦程式特定豁免情況 Lawful users can 合法使用者可 make back-up copy of computer program (if he has a contractual right to use the program) 製造後備複製品 ( 但依合約規限作準 ) make copy or adapt computer program if the copying or adapting is necessary for his lawful use 為合法使用所需而複製或改編該程式 copy the program and adapt it for the purpose of correcting errors in it 為更正程式內錯誤所需而複製或改編該程式

25. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government24 Recent Developments in Copyright in Hong Kong 香港版權方面的近期發展

26. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government25 Intellectual Property (Miscellaneous Amendments) Ordinance 2000 《 2000 年知識產權（雜項修訂）條例》 Amend the Copyright Ordinance 修改《版權條例》 Introduction of criminal liabilities for the use of pirated copies of copyright works in business 引入在業務上使用版權作品的盜版複製品 的刑事責任條文

27. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government26 1997 Ambiguity in 1997 Ordinance 1997 年法例的模糊 “For the purpose of trade or business” 「為貿易或業務的目的」

28. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government27 2000 Clarification in 2000 Ordinance 2000 年法例所清晰的 “For the purpose of, in the course of, or in connection with, any trade or business” 「為任何貿易或業務為目的，在任何貿易或 業務的過程中，又或在與任何貿易或業務有 關連的情況下」

29. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government28 Guiding principle 指導原則 Non-discrimination 一視同仁

30. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government29 Intellectual Property (Miscellaneous Amendments) Ordinance 2000 《 2000 年知識產權（雜項修訂）條例》 Passed by the Legislative Council 立法會通過 27 June 2000 2000 年 6 月 27 日

31. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government30 Intellectual Property (Miscellaneous Amendments) Ordinance 2000 (cont’d) 《 2000 年知識產權（雜項修訂）條例》 ( 續 ) Commencement 生效日期 Wide Publicity 廣泛宣傳 1 April 2001 2001 年 4 月 1 日

32. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government31 Copyright (Suspension of Amendments) Ordinance 《版權（暫停實施修訂）條例》 Background 背景 The public were concerned that the amendments to the Copyright Ordinance hampered the dissemination of information in enterprises and teaching in schools 社會人士關注到對《版權條例》的修訂妨礙了企業內 的資訊傳播，並會影響教學活動 Time for working out the licensing schemes for copying newspapers and other publications 為複製報章及其他刋物而制定特許計劃需時

33. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government32 Copyright (Suspension of Amendments) Ordinance (cont’d) 《版權（暫停實施修訂）條例》 ( 續 ) Effective Date 生效日期 End Date 終結日期 1 April 2001 2001 年 4 月 1 日 31 July 2003 2003 年 7 月 31 日

34. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government33 Copyright (Suspension of Amendments) Ordinance (cont’d) 《版權（暫停實施修訂）條例》 ( 續 ) Result 結果 Delayed public outcry 延遲的公眾不滿 Copyright as an issue in media agenda 版權成為傳媒的議題

35. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government34 Copyright (Suspension of Amendments) Ordinance (cont’d) 《版權（暫停實施修訂）條例》 ( 續 ) The criminal liabilities for the use of pirated copies apply only to four categories of copyright works, namely, computer programs, movies, television dramas and musical recordings 在業務上使用盜版複製品的刑責條文，只適用於四類 版權作品，即是 — 電腦程式、電影、電視劇、電視電 影、以及音樂紀錄 Effects 影響

36. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government35 Suspension Strategy 暫定實施策略 Super protection standard (for the 4 categories of copyright works) 超級保護標準 （ 4 類版權作品） Basic protection standard (for other copyright works) 基本保護標準 （其他版權作品）

37. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government36 Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2001 《 2001 年版權（修訂）條例草案》 Liberalization of parallel importation of products which contain a computer program 放寬平行進口載有電腦程式的物品

38. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government37 Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2001 (cont’d) 《 2001 年版權（修訂）條例草案》 ( 續 ) Exclude computer software product the principal attraction of which is musical sound or visual recordings, movies, television dramas, e-books, or a combination of them 不包括電腦軟件產品，如其主要賣點為音樂聲 音或視像紀錄、電影、電視劇或電視電影、電 子書或上述各項的組合

39. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government38 Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2003 《 2003 年版權（修訂）條例》 The 2001 Bill was passed by the LegCo to become Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2003, and commenced on 28 November 2003 2001 年條例草案已於立法會通過成為 2003 年版權 ( 修訂 ) 條例，並已在二零零三年十一 月二十八日起開始生效 28 November 2003 2003 年 11 月 28 日

40. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government39 Purpose of the Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2003 2003 年版權（修訂）條例草案的目的 Make permanent the existing arrangements concerning the criminal liabilities for using pirated copies of copyright works in business 將現時在業務上使用盜版複製品的刑責的 安排，落實為長期措施 Contents of the Draft Bill 草案的內容

41. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government40 Introduce new offence to combat illicit reproduction of books by copyshops for commercial purposes (copyshop offence) 針對影印店舖非法影印書本作商業用途的 刑事制裁（影印店罪行） Purpose of the Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2003 （ cont’d) 2003 年版權（修訂）條例草案的目的 ( 續 )

42. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government41 The Bill was subsequently revised to a watered-down version to contain only the copyshop offence 條例草案最後經修訂後，只保留影印店罪 行 Purpose of the Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2003 2003 年版權（修訂）條例草案的目的

43. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government42 Copyshop Offence 影印店罪行 A person would be criminally liable if, for the purpose of or in the course of a copying service business, he possesses an infringing reprographic copy of a copyright work as published in a book, magazine or periodical. 任何人如為複製服務業務的目的或在該項業務的過程中，管 有在書本、雜誌或期刊發表的版權作品的侵犯版權翻印複製 品，該人即須負刑事法律責任。

44. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government43 Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2004 《 2004 年版權（修訂）條例》 The 2003 Bill was passed by the LegCo to become Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2004, and commenced on 1 September 2004. 2003 年條例草案已於立法會通過成為 2004 年版 權 ( 修訂 ) 條例，在二零零四年九月一日起生效。 1 September 2004 2004 年 9 月 1 日

45. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government44 Further follow-up on various copyright issues 各項版權問題的跟進工作 Review and consultation on fair use 合理使用原則的探討與諮詢 Review of the scope of criminal liabilities for the use of pirated copies of copyright work in business 檢討在業務上使用版權作品的盜版複製品的 刑事責任範圍

46. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government45 Status of the law as it is 維持現行法例 Copyright (Suspension Amendments) Ordinance continues to apply until 31.7.2006 《版權（暫停實施修訂）條例》繼續適用至 二零零六年七月三十一日 31 July 2006 2006 年 7 月 31 日

47. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government46 Further information 進一步資料 Website of Intellectual Property Department 知識產權署網頁 : www.ipd.gov.hk Hotline 熱線電話 : 2961 6901

48. Intellectual Property Department, Hong Kong SAR Government47 Thank you 謝謝