1. M-Christine Fourny. 1) Updates on the framework concerning the problematic 2) SCC contribution to the final report

2. M-Christine Fourny. What are small towns specifities ? what is their importance in territorial development ? ….In a postfordist économic development model 1) updates on the framework concerning the problematic Our questions :

3. M-Christine Fourny. Role within spatial and settlement development A socio-cultural role and Specific quality of life : culture, environment, leisure, initiative potentiel, Role in urban hierarchies Small cities vitality is a condition of a sustainable development Small towns development is of main importance because of their

4. M-Christine Fourny. What strategies for the future ? Strengthening the relationships between towns and their hinterlands Developing network and supply functions simultaneously (Perlik and Messerli, 2004) Strengthening the relationships between towns and their hinterlands Developing network and supply functions simultaneously (Perlik and Messerli, 2004)

5. M-Christine Fourny. Alpcity objectives To consolidate the role of the small city in its territory To increase its attractivity (culture, identity, way of life) To reinforce all sorts of links (symbolic as economic) with mountains To increase selfgovernment capacities (to count on its own forces)

6. M-Christine Fourny. To identify small cities potentiel to implement a sustainable development How can small cities be « laboratories for territorial innovation »

7. M-Christine Fourny. will discuss the problems according to regional situations and experiments A second part of the framework

8. M-Christine Fourny. Is mountain situation a handicap? Is there (urban) life out of metropolitan areas ? Isolation/metropolisation

9. M-Christine Fourny. Some regional surveys or studies can to be used, as in Rhone- Alps, a study about small towns functions and dynamics : Population growth between 1990 et 1999

10. M-Christine Fourny. The growth is directly linked to the distance. Correlation: The municipalities most far away from the most important roads are also those with a negative evolution between 1990 - 1999

11. M-Christine Fourny. Distance to the most frequented municipality (mn)

12. M-Christine Fourny. The distance is compensated by an important mobility But mobility involves a loss of dynamism : Small cities where mobility is lowest are also those which have a base in public or private services

13. M-Christine Fourny. 14 Economic studies in Milano’s area

14. M-Christine Fourny. 16

15. M-Christine Fourny. 18 La métropole milanaise « pompe » les ressources des petites villes

16. M-Christine Fourny. Differences in regional policies

17. M-Christine Fourny. The mountains areas and their towns We’ll use the synthesis made by many regions : Piemont for instance :

18. M-Christine Fourny. Structure of the towns within the region Torino is still the 4 th major town in Italy but has lost population constantly during the last years, mainly in favour of the Province (de- urbanisation), but also to other part of the country. The town is undergoing a de- industrialisation process. Regione Piemonte has a very high number of municipalities (1.206 of 8.101 in the whole of Italy). Many are small: Piemonte hosts 18% of the municipalities in Italy with < 5.000 pop.

19. M-Christine Fourny. Social image of the mountains within the region Given the variety of mountains and spread of the area covered, there are very different areas and perceptions linked with. Many Piedmontese have a good knowledge of the regional mountains, they may still hold their family home, and spend weekend and holidays there. Quite some people exercise some form of trekking or alpine sport. There are lots of organisations connected with a leisure and environmental view of the mountains.

20. M-Christine Fourny. However, the Alps are mainly perceived as a run- down, old-age people and unconfortable place to live in, with not much of an economic and social life. Even if people are very attached, there is still a sense of the mountain as a “world of the defeated” (from the title of a book). This is particularly true in the southern part (a few valleys of the Province of Cuneo) and in the northern part. The lack of good accessibility in some valleys reinforce this sense of exclusion.

21. M-Christine Fourny. Policies for the mountain National level Regional level Legge regionale 2 luglio 1999, n. 16. – Testo unico sulle leggi di montagna (Incorpored law text on the mountain legislation) Legge regionale 19/2003 – Changes to the Law 2 luglio 1999, n. 16...

22. M-Christine Fourny. 2) SCC contribution to the report Our preoccupation : To evaluate if Alpcity is able to answer our hypothesis : To promote innovation in sustainable development To enhance functionnal and territorial situation To increase attractiveness To enhance quality of life ?

23. M-Christine Fourny. A methodologic problem : To have possibilities of comparison to go further than particular cases To evaluate the procedure (and not the stakeholders !) mainly through methods and effects of transnational co-operation

24. M-Christine Fourny. Our point of view about the issues : Best Practises, Guidelines An other chapter will be about

25. M-Christine Fourny. A first level of evaluation A grid of comparison with four topics and five variables

26. M-Christine Fourny. Four themes : Participatory process Network Possibilities to have a long term effect Sustainability principles

27. M-Christine Fourny. Innovation : what is new, experimental and interesting Difficulties and strategies for overcoming them Contributions to endogeneous development Contribution to strengthen territorial anchoring : culture, identity, specificity