1. Ionian University Department of Archive and Library Sciences Three Disposition Policies of Electronic Theses and Dissertations Alexandros Koulouris, Sarantos Kapidakis akoul@ionio.grakoul@ionio.gr, sarantos@ionio.grsarantos@ionio.gr

2. Preface Examination of the implemented disposition policies by three Institutions: –National Documentation Centre (NDC) / Greece –Virginia Tech (VT) / USA –West Virginia University (WVU) / USA Comparison among the policies Proposals of alternatives disposition policies based on some criteria Comparison among the proposed and the implemented disposition policies Conclusions

3. National Documentation Centre of Greece – Throwback of the digital library 1986: Creation of the print archive and the bibliographic database of the dissertations 1986 – November 1999: Provision of the database though the mainframe “HERMES” July 1998 – November 1999: Digitization of 12.000 dissertations November 1999 – : Digital Library of Dissertations (WEB database linked with images or full text). Provision though Z39.50 protocol

4. Digitization limitations Proprietary digitisation and retrieval software was incapable of handling colour and large size images The digitisation software could not import or export metadata, and the retrieval software was not reliable Solution: original cataloguing, provision of the metadata and the full content with ABEKT software (UNIMARC, UNIMARC Authorities, Z39.50 etc.) “Chapterization” of the dissertations Partial application of OCR

5. Disposition policy – retrieval The metadata and full content of dissertations are freely accessible through the Internet (URL: http://theses.ekt.gr) http://theses.ekt.gr The user can view, download and print the dissertations page by page without restrictions or fees Each page is served as a (low resolution) tiff format There is a watermark in all pages retrieved Some dissertations may be unavailable to all users for up to three years by request of the author

6. Evaluation – issues Increased usage of the digital (versus printed) material for the period November 1999 – July 2001 The digitized content inaccessible from July 2001 – November 2002 due to some issues: –Security of the network –Security of the digital content –Ambiguous legislation for copyrights and intellectual property –Selection of disposition policy

7. Virginia Tech – Disposition policies Unrestricted access –Metadata and ETDs are freely accessible for onsite and offsite users Restricted access –Metadata are accessible for all –ETDs are accessible only to onsite users (within the VT Community, either by an IP address or a valid ID) –ETDs could be restricted for up to three years and then are released for worldwide access automatically, unless...

8. Virginia Tech – Disposition policies Mixed access –The author (student), has the opportunity to release parts of the ETD but not others, or to publish two versions of a chapter, each with different access levels Withheld access –Metadata and ETDs are inaccessible for all users –Information about ETDs in this category is held only within the Virginia Tech Office of Research and Graduate Studies

9. West Virginia University – Disposition policies Four disposition policies or four distribution options: World access or world wide distribution –Metadata and ETDs are freely accessible for onsite and offsite users Campus only access or WVU only distribution –Metadata are accessible for all –ETDs are accessible only to onsite users (limited to WVU IP addresses) –ILL is provided by free electronic copy or print copy for a nominal fee –Students can embargo the ETDs for up to five years

10. West Virginia University – Disposition policies Campus encrypted access –Metadata are accessible for all –The access to the ETDs, is limited to WVU IP addresses with password –ILL is provided only by print copy for a nominal fee –The ETDs may be embargoed initially for three years No access or restricted access –Metadata and ETDs are inaccessible for all users –Students may embargo their ETDs for up to one year

11. Comparison among the implemented disposition policies of the three Institutions The implemented policies have common characteristics: Metadata are freely accessible for all except: –Withheld access of VT –No access of WVU ETDs are freely accessible for onsite users except: –Free access of NDC (up to three years) –Withheld access of VT –No access of WVU (up to two years) ETDs are not always accessible for offsite users after submission but after two, three or five years The delivery method is usually online ILL [by free electronic copy or by print copy for a nominal fee] is provided in few cases

12. Policy/ InstitutionMetadata accessibility AccessDelivery method Conte nt restri ctions Time restri ctions Onsite users Offsite users Onsite users Offsite users Unrestricted access/VT, World access/WVU Yes OnlineNo Free access/NDCYes Vary Online, ILLNo<=3y Restricted access/VTYes NoOnlineNo<=3y Campus only access/WVUYes NoOnline, ILL, ILLNo<=5y Campus encrypted access/WVUYes NoOnline, ILLNo<=5y Mixed access/VTYes VaryOnlineYesNo Withheld access/VTNo No access/WVUNo <=2y Differences among the implemented disposition policies

13. Proposals of disposition policies for ETDs Proposals of alternatives disposition policies based on some criteria: –To be acceptable from all (Students, Universities, Providers, Publishers etc.) –To conform to the current national legislation on copyrights –To be compatible with the common practice –To ensure the viability of the digital libraries of ETDs –To ensure the interoperability, the simplicity, the easier definition and extraction of statistics about the policies Some proposed policies may seem more restricted The more restricted proposed policies try: –To ensure better security of the digital material –To eliminate the fears of the publishers about prior publication –To ensure funds for the viability of the digital libraries of ETDs –To serve the different classes of users according to their various needs and their financial capabilities

14. Comparison among the proposed and the implemented disposition policies The proposed policies, unlike the implemented, have [new] common characteristics: –The metadata are freely accessible for onsite and offsite users –Access to ETDs is always provided to onsite users –ILL is provided by electronic or print copy for a fee –ETDs accessible to offsite users for a fee –Content restrictions and access with charge for offsite users –Access to specified offsite users –Diversified offsite access according to the user category –Diversified ways of charging for the offsite access

15. PoliciesAccess for offsite users Delivery method Content restrictions Full access for a fee Free accessYesOnline, ILLNo Partial accessPartialOnline, ILLYes Controlled remote accessSpecified users Online, ILLNoYes Content restrictions accessYesOnlineYesNo Content restrictions access with charge YesOnlineYes Access by user categoryDiversifiedOnline, ILLNoDiversified Access by universityVaryOnline, ILLYes The most generalDiversifiedOnline, ILLYesDiversified Proposals of disposition policies for ETDs

16. New disposition policies The following policies are different from the implemented disposition policies: Partial access –For offsite users parts of the ETDs are freely accessible but others are accessible only with charge Controlled remote access –The access for offsite users, is restricted only to specific groups of users (registered libraries and clients) with charge

17. New disposition policies Access by user category –The access for offsite users is provided for a fee –The access and the ways of charging for offsite users are diversified according to the user category The most general –Similar to the access by user category policy, except that content restrictions are applied The access by university policy can be implemented in a union catalogue of ETDs –Each university has access to its ETDs and for the ETDs of the other universities a fee should be paid by the user

18. Conclusions The availability of ETDs depends on the selection of the disposition policy In most of the cases, the ETDs are freely available for onsite and offsite users However, there are restrictions The ETDs belong to the category of the “grey literature” which is essential to be known to the researchers, academics, students etc. Except for the cases of patent pending, ETDs should be open and accessible to all The electronic submission and access of ETDs: –Helps the students and academics to know about the evolution of the research in their topic –Ensures the promotion of the research and the development of the new technologies –Increase the usage of ETDs In contrast, the printed ETDs were (unknown and) rarely used Purpose: global digital library of ETDs