1. 1 Signal Propagation (Seeber, 2.3).

2. 2 Ch. 3 Clock definition.

3. 3 Ch. 3 Electromagnetic waves.

4. 4 Ch. 3. Dispersion, Phase and group velocity. Dispersive medium: velocity depends on frequency, (due to resonance) Velocity of particular wave with uniform wavelength: phase velocity, v p Velocity of wave-group (several waves): v g.

5. 5 Ch. 3, Frequency domains

6. 6.

7. 7 Ch. 3: Atmosphere.

8. 8 Ch. 3, Ionosphere, layers. Characterized by electron density, e, number of electrons per m 3.

9. 9 Ch. 3, Total electron density, TEC..

10. 10 Ch. 3, Solar activity http://www.dxlc.com/solar/solcycle.html.

11. 11 Ch. 3, Dispersion in ionized gas.

12. 12 Ch. 3, Effect on propagation..

13. 13 Ch. 3, Effect on group and phase. http://aiuws.unibe.ch/ionosphere/gim.gif

14. 14 Ch. 3, Troposphere..

15. 15 Ch. 3, Range difference..

16. 16 Ch. 3, Integration along curved path..

17. 17 Ch. 3, Atmosphere models http://modelweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ http://www.suominet.ucar.edu/index.html http://epncb.oma.be/_organisation/projects/trop_s p/index.php#map