1. EE 235 Presentation 2 Brian Lambson X-PEEM and its applications

2. Key Terms Photoelectron Emission Microscopy (PEEM)

3. Key Terms Photoelectron Emission Microscopy (PEEM) X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD)

4. Key Terms Photoelectron Emission Microscopy (PEEM) X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD)

5. Examples of X-PEEM Nolting, F., A. Scholl, et al. (2000). "Direct observation of the alignment of ferromagnetic spins by antiferromagnetic spins." Nature 405(6788): 767-769. Young, A. T., A. Bartelt, et al. (2007). "An Ultrafast X-ray Detection System for the Study of Magnetization Dynamics." AIP Conference Proceedings 879(1): 1206-1209.

6. Element Selectivity Strong absorption peaks allow for element-selective imaging Of particular interest, X-PEEM can image multiple layers of a 3D structure LaFeO3 (antiferromagnet) Cobalt (ferromagnet)

7. Imaging Exchange Bias Nolting, F., A. Scholl, et al. (2000). "Direct observation of the alignment of ferromagnetic spins by antiferromagnetic spins." Nature 405(6788): 767-769. 1.2nm Co / 40nm LaFeO3 grown on SrTiO3 (001) substrate

8. Time Resolved Images Pump-probe technique is used to image magnetization dynamics The time-resolution is limited by the convoluted length or rise times of both laser and X-ray pulses

9. Ultrafast Imaging via Streak Camera Young, A. T., A. Bartelt, et al. (2007). "An Ultrafast X-ray Detection System for the Study of Magnetization Dynamics." AIP Conference Proceedings 879(1): 1206-1209.

10. Conclusions X-PEEM is a useful tool for exploring the static and dynamic behavior of magnetic materials Resolution of < 20nm allows for nanoscale applications Element selectivity makes it possible to study interactions between multiple magnetic layers Time resolution on the order of 1-10 ps allows for ultrafast dynamic studies