1. By. Cherita Robinson

2.  Born February 23, 1868  Died August 27, 1963  American Sociologist  Most important black protest leader of the 20 th century  Shared in the creation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

3.  Graduated from Fisk University in 1888  Black institute in Nashville, Tennessee  Received a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1895  Doctoral dissertation: The Suppression of the African Slave-Trade to the United States of America, 1638-1870  Devoted himself to sociological investigations of blacks in America  Produced 16 research monographs published between 1897 and 1914 at Atlanta University  The Philadelphia Negro; A Social Study, was the first case study of a black community in the United States

4.  Du Bois thought social science could provide knowledge to solve race problem  He later concluded social change could be accomplished through agitation and protest  This view came to clash with Booker T Washington; he preached philosophy and accommodation  In 1905, Bu Bois took the lead in the Niagara Movement; which was dedicated to attacking the platform of Booker T. Washington

6.  One ever feels his twoness— an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two reconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder.…He simply wishes to make it possible for a man to be both a Negro and an American, without being cursed and spit upon by his fellows, without having the doors of Opportunity closed roughly in his face.

7.  Du Bois’s black nationalism took several forms  Pioneering of Pan-Africanism  Belief that all people of African descent had common interests and should work together in the struggle of their freedom  He encouraged the development of black literature and art. He urged his readers to see “Beauty in Black”  He also believed blacks should develop a separate “group economy” of producers’ and consumers’ cooperatives as a weapon for fighting economic discrimination and black poverty

8.  In 1934 Du Bois left the NAACP  But by 1905 he had been drawn toward social doctrines  In 1912 Du Bois joined the Social Party briefly  He then returned to Atlanta university and taught for 10 years  There he founded the magazine Phylon, Atlanta university’s “Review on race and Culture’

9.  After a decade at Atlanta University, Du Bois returned to a research position at the NAACP 1944-1948  He then came to identify with pro-Russian causes and was:  Indicted in 1951 as an unregistered agent for a foreign power  Although he was acquitted, Du Bois became disillusioned with the United States  In 1961 Du Bois joined the Communist party and moved to Ghana, renouncing his American citizenship

10.  http://www.biography.com/articles/W.E.B.- Du-Bois-9279924?part=1 http://www.biography.com/articles/W.E.B.- Du-Bois-9279924?part=1  http://www.gale.cengage.com/free_resources /bhm/bio/dubois_w.htm http://www.gale.cengage.com/free_resources /bhm/bio/dubois_w.htm