1. Phenology and Budburst Lab Exercise For ESC 110 Environmental Issues in Appalachia HOR 201 Introduction to Horticulture MTH 206 Introduction to Statistics with business Applications By: Dr. Carolyn Thomas, Dr. Bob Pohlad, Professor Joby Kauffman and Dr. Katherine Goff

6. BudBurst Phenology Data Collection Sheet Center for Teaching and Learning Chicago Botanic Garden Date: Time: Place: latitude: longitude: Notes about today’s weather (cloudiness, wind, temperature etc): Plant 1 is called: Notes about my plant: 1. Do you see any buds bursting? Y N 2. Do you see any leaves? Y N 3. Do you see any flowers? Y N Draw a picture of your bud, leaf, or flower

7. Activity Guide Program Description Summary Join citizens all over the U.S. in collecting plant lifecycle (phenology) data and contributing to an ongoing scientific research project that explores the effects of climate change on the plant lifecycle. Students will identify and observe and collect data on native U.S. plants at different stages in their lifecycle, budding, first bloom, full bloom, and die-off. Once data has been collected, students will return to the classroom, analyze their data, and enter the results on the BudBurst.org website to be included in the national data collection effort. Grade level BudBurst can be adapted for any grade level. The following activities include some grade level modifications for both older and younger students. For example, older students may identify species on their own using field guides, while younger students may be guided to observe a particular species identified by an adult. Activities Suggested Time: 3-5 class periods The following activities are related, but independent, lessons which can be used individually or as a group. 1. Connecting Plants and Climate 2. Plant Observation and Data collection 3. Plant Phenology and Climate Change Student Outcomes Activities have been aligned with both the Benchmarks for Science Literacy (AAAS, 2000) as well as the National Science Learning Standards (1997). By tracking the timing of leafing and floral bud emergence in their schoolyards and gardens, students will: ! Be able to identify several tree or flower species in their area, and observe the sequence of budding in those species relative to each other (e.g. spring ephemeral flowers on the forest floor bloom before the trees leaf out and block the sun) (Benchmark: Systems) ! Learn to observe budding phenology and understand how the budding stage fits into a

8. Plant’s life cycle (Benchmark: Constancy & Change) Understand the relationship between weather and phenology (Benchmark: The Interdependence of Life) Learn to enter data into Web-based databases and compare their observations with those of students in other regions (Benchmarks: The Nature of Science & The Diversity of Life) Learn to interpret their data and convey results in graphics and/or in writing (Benchmark: The Nature of Science).

9. BudBurst Activity Guide Convert your location to latitude/longitude in decimal degrees ! To begin entering data, you first need to find out the latitude and longitude of your location. You can do this using the MULTIMAP website (http://www.multimap.com) ! Find the full address of the location you need coordinates for including street address and zip code. If your collection site does not have an address, use the street address nearest to your collection site. ! Where it says country in the top left corner it should say United States. Type in the street address, town, state and zip code and click 'find' it will then display a map of that location. ! The red circle is over address you entered into the search engine. You will also notice it has zoomed in on the location. ! If the location is not exactly where you want, you can use the arrows on the sides of the map to navigate to the specific location. ! Double click on it to center the map around that point. Notice that the red circle stays in the same place. To re-center the red circle, scroll down and under the map, you will see Map Information, including X and Y coordinates, latitude/longitude, and a URL address. ! Click on the link and the red circle will move to yours

10. Enter your data  Go to the BudBurst website http://www.BudBurst.org and click on REPORT  Look at your plant – is it tree/shrub a flower, or an ornamental plant – click on the picture representing your plant. You will see a form with prompts for data entry.  Enter in the latitude and longitude in degrees of the location where you made your observations (See “Find your location in degrees” instructions)  Enter in the elevation at the location where you made your observations (see the “Find your Elevation” instructions)  Scroll down. You will see a list of phenological phases with fields for month, date, and year next to each.  Using the dropdown menus, enter the month, date, and time that you observed each phase. Click “ report my observation ” to submit your data.  Click “ clear form ” if you have other observations to report. You may report as many observations as you have.

11. Summary Data Collection Worksheet WHAT PLANT DID YOU OBSERVE? (plant list, www.budburst.org/plantlist, or identify another plant) *Common Name: Scientific Name (if known): WHEN DID YOU OBSERVE? Report dates only for the phenophase(s) that apply to your plant. MONTH / DAY / 2007 Budburst/First Leaf: ________ / ________ / 2007 Full Leaf: ________ / ________ / 2007 First Flower: ________ / ________ / 2007 Full Flower: ________ / ________ / 2007 WHERE DID YOU OBSERVE? *Latitude: _____________ decimal degrees (i.e. 39.9847) *Longitude: ___________ decimal degrees (i.e.-105.2682) *Elevation: ____________ meters *City: _________________ *State: ________________ *Country: __United States_ Comments on Location: 20 First Flower: ________ / ________ / 2007 Full Flower: ________ / ________ / 2007 End Flower: ________ / ________ / 2007 Seed or Fruit Dispersal: ________ / ________ / 2007 Additional Comments:

12. Photos

13. Observations Second time we observed snow had cleared but its still freezing outside, bark still dark brown but no snow on pines or ice, branches sturdy with moist braches 2/23/10-as the freezing temperatures start to slowly rise, there are little tiny buds the size of BBs on the end of the branches. The first observation was the hardest because it was very hard to find the plant, and once we found it we weren't sure of what to take a photo off. They snow is melted and the wind is blowing the fountain sideways. In week 4 the weather has began to fee like spring again. We have had a couple of 60+ days which we feel has made a huge impact on our tree. The tree is starting to show a lil bit of growth, but yet no pine cones have began to grow but I have a really good feeling that we are getting really close to seeing some action very soon.

14. Student assistant Prepared by: Daisy M. Wilhelm, student assistant Project Director: Dr. Carolyn Thomas Project Bud Burst and Phenology Module April 13, 2010 Project Plan For Bud Burst Tasks: I will organize data from students project in ESC-110-A and organize it into one document in a logical order. I will become familiar with the Project Bud Burst website http://www.neoninc.org/budburst/index.php to upload data from projects with Dr. Thomas.http://www.neoninc.org/budburst/index.php Upload class data on Project Budburst site if possible. Then lastly talk with Dr. Thomas about how user friendly the project has been and give students’ prospective. This will mean reading and commenting on the user friendly nature of the Phenology (Project Bud burst) Module Dr. Thomas has developed. All of this will be completed by April 24 th. ____________________________________________ ______________________________________ Daisy WilhelmDr. Carolyn Thomas Student AssistantProject Director and Professor of Environmental Sciences and Biology

15. Use of Phenological Time Plots in Mathematics Courses Ferrum, VA (36.9098, -80.0203)

16. When will budburst occur this year? 22-Mar 25-Mar 9-Apr 17-Mar 15-Mar 20-Mar 21-Mar 19-Mar 20-Mar 24-Mar 21-Mar 12-Mar 1-Apr 15-Apr 12-Apr 20-Mar 5-Apr 26-Mar 15-Mar 20-Mar 18-Mar 26-Mar 14-Apr 24-Apr 13-Apr 7-Mar 27-Mar 7-Apr 21-Mar 30-Mar 28-Mar 25-Mar 15-Apr 27-Mar 18-Mar 24-Mar 1-Mar 20-Mar 29-Mar 15-Mar Mean Response = 25-Mar

17. Application of NDVI and Time Series Go to http://itouchmap.com/latlong.html and find the latitude and longitude of two places of interest on the Earth’s surface (not over water).http://itouchmap.com/latlong.html Place Latitude Longitude _______________________________________

18. 2. Go to the url below: http://daac.ornl.gov/cgi- bin/MODIS/GLBVIZ_1_Glb/modis_subset_order_global_col 5.pl For each place of interest: 3.Type in the latitude and longitude 4.Choose: [MOD13Q1] Vegetation Indices (NDVI, EVI), specify the number of kilometers above and below as 3, and hit Continue. 5.Select the starting date and an ending date to include all available dates, and then enter your e-mail address and hit Continue. 6.On the next page, verify your request and at the bottom of the page hit Create Subset 7.Check your inbox to find a link to your data and then click on the link; this may take a few minutes.

19. Ferrum, VA (36.9098, -80.0203)

20. Newport News, VA (37.1291522, -76.5248216)

21. Bronx, New York 10453 (40.851638, -73.912437)

22. Palmyra PA (40.279703, -76.574567)

23. Los Angeles, California(34.0522342, -118.243684)

24. Alaska (60.19324404995524, -159.08203125)

25. Greenland (74.30735341486246, -37.6171875)

26. West Saharan Desert (27.171811359827373, -13.22504997253418)

27. Coari, Amazonas, Brazil (-4.182803, -63.083496)

28. What are high values of NDVI associated with? How could NDVI measurements in a time series be used for phenology research? What are two abiotic (non-living) characteristics of the environment that change throughout the year? How might these changes affect NDVI measurements? Why might NDVI measurements vary with elevation? The type of biome, physiographical region, and type of land cover all vary with latitude and longitude. How might these changes affect NDVI?