1. Tomoharu NAKASHIMA 1 Takeshi SUMITANI 1 Andrzej BARGIELA 2 1 Osaka Prefecture University, Japan; 2 University of Nottingham, U.K.

2. Standard Pattern Classification Incremental Pattern Classification Fuzzy Rule-Based Classification Incremental Learning of Fuzzy If-Then Rules Computational Experiments Conclusions OUTLINE

3. All training patterns are given a priori. It is assumed that a classifier is constructed from the given training patterns. Typical format in supervised learning problems. STANDARD PATTERN CLASSIFICATION

4. INCREMENTAL PATTERN CLASSIFICATION A limited number of raining patterns are occasionally available. A classifier should be incrementally generated from them.

5. Determine antecedent fuzzy sets Calculate consequent part Calculate certainty grade FUZZY RULE-BASED CLASSIFIER Fuzzy If-Then Rule: If x 1 is A 1 and x 2 is A 2 and … and x n is A n then Class C with CF

6. Incremental method A Incremental method B INCREMENTAL LEARNING OF FUZZY IF-THEN RULES

7. Update the certainty factor of fuzzy if-then rules as the weighted average of the previous sum of membership values and the new sum of membership values. This method considers the previously available training patterns as equally as the new training patterns INCREMENTAL METHOD A

8. Update the certainty factor by using a Hebbian learning. The influence of previous training patterns becomes smaller as the time proceeds. INCREMENTAL METHOD B

9. Two Classification Problems for pattern clasification （ Two-dimensional examples) Static problem Dynamic problem COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIMENTS

10. STATIC PROBLEM Class 1 Class 2Class 4 Class 3 1.00.0 1.0 x1x1 x2x2

11. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

12. The classification boundaries rotates with time. DYNAMIC PROBLEM Time 0 Time 45 Time 90 Centering at (0.5, 0.5), one degree per time step (total 360 time steps per run). 2 1 4 3 1 4 3 2 1 2 3 4

13. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The incremental method A could not follow the dynamic change of the classification boundaries. This is because the method takes the previous training patterns (which are in the different class region following time steps) equally as new training patterns. The incremental method B could manage to follow the dynamic change of boundaries. Classification boundaries generated by Incremental method B at time step 290 (i.e., the true classification boundaries have rotated 290 degrees from their original positions).

14. Pattern classification with incremental availability of training patterns Incremental learning approach Method A: Equal consideration of past and new training patterns Method B: Larger weight put on new training patterns Experimental results Future works include real-world application, analysis on complexity and computational cost CONCLUSIONS