1. MICROBIOLOGY - STUDY OF MICROOGANISMS
GOOD AND BAD

2. MICROBES ARE ALL AROUND US: GOOD AND BAD
GOOD - nonpathogenic
BAD – PATHOGENIC
Microorganisms
Digestion: E Coli (Escherichia)
Diseases: MRSA Methiceillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
Medicines: penicillin,
antibiotics,
Illness: Food poisoning salmonella, typhoid fever, measles, mumps, rubella
Food: yogurt, cheese, breads
Soy, truffles, mushrooms,
Wine, beer, citric acid, vinegars
Death: anthrax bacillus anthracic
Waste removal/disposal
Toxic: botulism, cholera, plaque
Plant growth
Industry: textiles

3. TYPE OF GERMS ONE IS EXPOSE TO

4. BACTERIA (YELLOW STRANDS)
HUMAN TONGUE
WITH
BACTERIA (YELLOW STRANDS)

5. TYPES OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS: MOLD, VIRUSES, BACTERIA, SPORES

6. VIRUSES
Smallest infectious microorganism
Live in a host
Spread by person to person
Killed with disinfection or sterilization but not antibiotics
Hepatitis B virus most resistant
Other Viral infections: AIDs, measles, mumps, rubella
polio, chickenpox, herpes, warts, colds, influenza

7. BACTERIA
Single cell microorganisms
No chlorophyll
Live inside tissues
Can be stained
Have 4 shapes:
cocci – round
bacilli – rod
spirilla – spiral
vibrios- curved

8. SPORES
Bacteria that cannot be stained are called spores
Have a outer protective outer covering
Needs the highest heat to kill

9. FUNGI – YEASTS AND MOLDS
Smaller than protozoa; larger than bacteria
Lack chlorophyll
Cannot be killed by antibiotics
Good fungi: yeasts, cheese
Bad fungi: mono, thrush, candidacies
Athlete’s foot, ringworm

10. PROTOZOA
Single cell animals amoeba
Live in fluids in the bloodstream, oral cavity and intestines
Contain chlorophyll
Aerobic
Cause: amebic dysentery and periodontal disease from water supply,
and malaria, sleeping sickness (insect bites)

11. RICKETTSIAE
Parasites live inside a host
Examples: lice, ticks, fleas, roaches, rats, mites
Diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus.

12. STAPHYLOCOCCI
Causes Plaque and
Calculus

13. CONDITIONS FOR INFECTION – KOCHS POSTULATE

14. CHAIN OF INFECTION

15. MEASURES TO BREAK THE CHAIN OF INFECTION

16. Diseases can be spread via vector ie insects

17. BACTERIA CAN LIVE WITH OR WITHOUT OXYGEN
ANAEROBIC = DOES NOT NEED OXYGEN
AEROBIC = NEEDS OXYGEN
FACULTATIVE ANAEROBIC = LIVES IN EITHER CONDITION

18. DISEASE OF CONCERN FOR THE DENTAL OFFICE
HEPATITIS
TUBERCULOSIS
HIV
AIDS
FLU

19. HEPATITIS
Attacks the liver
Transmission: infected blood
Signs and symptoms: fatigue, mild fever, muscle/joint aches,
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, jaundice,
Changes in urine and stool color.
Types:
Hep A (HAV) – oral-fecal route, food handlers
Hep B (HBV) – perinarally at birth, needle sticks/sharps
sexual contact, blood transfusion, hemodialysis
Hep C (HCV) – needle sticks, tattooing, blood transfusions,
hemodialysis
Hep D (HDV – infect those with acute or chronic hepatitis B
Hep E (HEV) – transmitted through fecal contamination in
contaminated water supply
Hep G (HGV – transmitted via the blood, usually occurs in
patients under 16 years old

20. TUBERCULOSIS
Caused by bacterial infection in the lungs
Symptoms: fatigue, low grade fever, weight loss, night sweats
persistent cough
Spread through the air, coughs, sneezes, contact with infected saliva
Detected through TB skin prick test or chest x-ray
Treat with antibiotics

21. Herpes virus
Herpes simplex viral infection
Herpes simplex I – lips, mouth, face, oral mucosa, cold sores
Herpes simplex II – sexually transmitted: genital herpes
Highly contagious and spread by direct contact with lesion and infected
Body fluids
Recommend to reschedule patients who have oral herpes
Treat with antiviral drugs and ointments
Herpes simplex I
Herpetic Whitlow
Cold sores

22. HIV DISEASE – HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Causes AIDS – acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Bloodborne pathogen transmitted blood, saliva
Transmission: direct contact, sexually, transfusion, needles,
from infected mother to fetus
Attacks the T-lymphocytes of the immune system
Symptoms: fever, weight loss, diarrhea
Yellow T cells
HIV virus

23. AIDS - stems from HIV infection
Skin cancer, Kaposi’s sarcoma
Spread from blood, semen
Related conditions: cancers, bacterial and viral infections,
Fungal infections such as candidacies, extreme weight loss,
Pneumonia, diarrhea

24. BUCCAL CANDIDASIS
LACY CANDIDASIS
ADVANCE CANDIDASIS

25. Child with mumps

26. VIRUS - MEASLES

27. Chicken Pox
Shingles in adults

28. END OF SERIES
Take the Plunge