1. Wildlife and Natural Resource Management management is often intervention to reverse or mitigate the consequences of human activities.

2. Managers Must be More Than Good Biologists Ecology Genetics Natural History and Biogeography Economics/Budgeting Philosophy and Sociology History and Anthropology Communications Politics

3. Wildlife Management Emphasizes a Narrow Range of Species game animals higher vertebrates economic, aesthetic, and/or symbolic value

4. Prior to 1930, A management @ entailed: captive breeding persecution of predators tighter legal restrictions on hunting ad hoc creation of refuges

5. Basic Principles of Management 1. Preserve ecological and evolutionary processes rather than targeting species. 2. Management objectives must be based on sound ecology and should be clearly defined and unambiguous. 3. Management plans must be adaptive and minimally intrusive.

6. Wildlife and Natural Resource Management: Part 2 Planning and Decision Making

7. Planning should always focus on achieving specific management objectives 1. Review the history and mission of the site or program 2. Prepare a site description 3. Develop an inventory of resources 4. Identify key areas where research is needed

8. Public Relations Maintain good relations with the local community. Look for opportunities to develop cooperative agreements

9. Managing Populations We almost never know the real population size. Rates of immigration are difficult to estimate.

10. Management decisions based on short- term responses could be counterproductive in the long term. Achieving high densities for one species may cause habitat degradation and reduced biodiversity. Long-lived species may persist in altered habitats for decades, but never reproduce.

11. Habitat Management: Forest Management as a Model US federal forests are mandated to manage for nongame biodiversity Sustainability and Silviculture Monoculture –vs- Uneven-aged Stand Structure Habitat Quality?

12. Community & Ecosystem Management Managing for key processes and disturbance regimes Do all species have equal value in a community?

13. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Measures the difference in reflectance properties of plants that vary with species. GIS analyzes spatial data sets

15. GAP Analysis Gaps between distribution of organisms and potentially habitable regions.