Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Quantum Information Processing Raymond Laflamme www.iqc.ca Fundación Bunge y Born and University of Buenos Aires, August 2010
2
Curiosity Understanding ControlTechnology Societal impact
3
Fire Steam Electromagnetism
4
What are the properties of Nature that will charaterise the 21 st century?
5
Plan Why now? What is it? Major successes – and a little bit about IQC Conclusion
6
Towards the quantum world The size of transistors decreases by half every eighteen months Intel’s 20 and 45 nm transistor We have learn that QM is powerful for information processing
7
The Quantum World: some unusual properties -The Uncertainty principle Observing quantum systems cannot be done without perturbing them: quantum cryptography and sensors MIT Technology Review -The Superposition principle Quantum systems can be in more than one state at once: quantum computing
8
Interference A coherent light source such as a laser is shined through 2 slits, the result of each independent slit do not add up to the final result when both slits are open due to interference effects.
9
. Quantum Information Processing Computation Communication Sensors
10
# of quantum bitsquantum states# of classical bits 1 2 3 50 … 0,1 00,01,10,11 000,001,…111 000000000000… 2 1 =2 2 2 =4 2 3 =8 2 50 =1P … The power of quantum computation
11
Applications Understanding and Test Quantum Mechanics Increase the speed of computer simulations Material Science – Simulation of new material Chemistry – Chemical reactions, molecules – Drug design Searching Cryptography …
12
Quantum Cryptography (Quantum key distribution) How do we exchange the key?
13
RSA cryptography: using pseudo-randomness Bank: p x q=2701 You: F(2701, #) = 101111011101111111 G(p,q, 101111011101111111) = # You: Login to a bank web site http -> https 2701 2701, 101111011101111111
16
Major successes of quantum information science and technology Discovery that QM is powerful for information processing: challenging strong Turing’s thesis Discovery of quantum error correction Demonstration of control in the laboratory of control of up to a dozen quantum bits
17
Algorithms Factoring and breaking codes Searching Random Walks Communication Simulation of Quantum Physics Physics, e.g. High Tc Superconductivity Chemistry Material science Two exciting new results: Hastings: non-addivity of quantum channel capacity Watrous: QIP=PSPACE
18
Quantum Error Correction Without QEC, if error per gate is p, n gates can lead to a fidelity of (1-p) n Accuracy threshold theorem:
19
Laboratory demonstrations …
20
The People 18 faculty, 9 associates, 24 pdfs, 83 grads and undergrads 17 staff Aim: 30 faculty, 50 pdfs, 125 grads Started in 2002 Raised more than $240M, from Feds/Province/Private Lead 2 National QIP networks Collaborative grad program Building on its way including fabrication/metrology facility www.iqc.ca Quantum Computing: Theory and Experiment – Optics/Superconducting/Quantum Dots/NMR Quantum Communication: – Quantum Cryptography: Prototype, ETSI, Certification Quantum Sensors: – Optics, NMR, spin-based The institute for Quantum Computing
21
IQC Collaborations with Sponsors IQC Waterloo
22
Testing Born’s rule
23
Interference orders Two possible paths Probability Interference B Sum Rules From N. Bohr 1949/1983: Discussions with Einstein on Epistemological Problems in Atomic Physics, p. 27
24
Testing the 2 nd Sum Rule So we have to measure these seven probabilities to detect a particle at a certain point behind the slits plus the background probability (leakage, dark count) Calculate ● In practice, we can’t easily measure a probability, so we use a normalization ● measures the “amount of interference”
25
Results U. Sinha, C. Couteau, T. Jennewein, R.Laflamme, G. Weihs Science 23 July 2010: Vol. 329. no. 5990, pp. 418 - 421 We got < 10 -2
26
Conclusion Quantum Information Science will deliver better understanding of QM and has the potential to deliver new technologies for the 21 st century Present success – Theoretical: Power of Quantum Information Control of quantum systems, quantum error correction – Experimental: Demonstration of control of small quantum systems and of counterintuitive properties of quantum mechanics
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.