1. Genetics
Gregor Mendel

2. Genetics- The study of biological inheritance
Gregor Mendel= Austrian monk in the 1800s that laid the groundwork of genetics.
He used pea plants to look for specific inherited traits (shape, color, height, etc.)

3. He controlled mating and fertilization
Mating of 2 organisms = cross
Mendel controlled the
fertilization of his pea plants
by removing the male parts,
or stamens.
He then fertilized the female
part, or pistil, with pollen from
a different pea plant.

4. He came up with 3 conclusions:
1) Traits are inherited as specific units.
2) Organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent.
3) The two copies separate during gamete formation.
*2+3 = law of segregation

5. Using Genes to Trace Inheritance
gene- piece of DNA with specific instructions
locus- location of gene
allele- any forms of the same gene at the same locus

6. * Each parent donates one allele for every gene.

7. genotype = the makeup of a specific set of genes.
phenotype = the physical appearance of a trait.
Recessive expressed only when 2 copies are present!

8. Dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters; recessive alleles by lowercase letters.
Order of dominance:
brown > green > blue

9. ???