1. Emergence of the Congress Politics of Public Association

2. Time-Space Compression: Making Sense of Indian Identity in the late nineteenth century Rule of Law, Common Currency and New Market System Railway, Commuting and Long Distance Travel Common Currency and the Unification of Market Telegraph and Flow of Information Maps and Understanding of Territorial Limit of the State Census and Classification of Society: Unification and Fragmentation Professional Elites and Common Education News Paper and the Rise of Western Educated Civil Society Civil Service and Career Aspirations of Middle Class Indians Compression of Time and Space Birth of a New Nation

3. Public Associations British Rule : Middle Class Hopes and Despair Vernacular Press Act 1878 Arms Act 1878 Illbert Bill and Euro-Indian Rebellion Association of Interest Groups and Regions to Nation i) Land holders’ Association 1831 ii) British India Society 1843 iii) Indian Association iv) Bombay Presidency Association V) Poona Sarvajanik Sabaha 1866 vi) Madras Presidency Association- 1871 vii) Indian National Union 1878

4. Congress 1885-1907 Indian National Congress :Body and Organization Social Composition Nature of Functioning Demands and Aspirations Social Limitations Rise of Opposition Cultural Regeneration of Hindu India Muslim Alienation An elite Body with New National Aspirations