1. What do animals use energy for? As a group, draw an arrow diagram of what happens to the energy (food) an animal eats Include categories from board

2. Energy Flow C = gross energy in food P = production R = metabolic (respiratory) U = energy lost in urine F = energy lost in feces A = amount of assimilated energy C = P + R + U + F A = P + R + U

3. Energy Ratios C = P + R + U + F A = P + R + U ecological efficiency

4. Energy flow through an ecosystem

5. Is what we eat efficient from an ecosystem perspective? Should we eat large mammals? (cows?) Is it sustainable with population growth? Average human  3,000 Cal/day Human needs 30,000 Cal Beef –Beef needs 300,000 Cal corn 3.3ha produces enough corn to –feed one person if that person eats cows –Feed 10 people if they eat corn

6. Where does the energy come from to produce offspring? C = P + R + U + F

7. Zebra Finches Tony Williams Simon Fraser University