1. Introduction to the course
Dr. Hassan Sami Shaibah
Department of Anatomy

2. The third year course is divided into two major modules:
1-Head and Neck. Wagih Gamal Elbarrany & Dr.Hassan S Shaibah
2-Neuroanatomy. Dr.Jamal Abdeen & Dr.Hassan S Shaibah

3. Clinical Anatomy by Regions By Richard S Snell
Gray's Anatomy for Students
Richard L. Drake (Author), A. Wayne Vogl (Author), Adam W. M. Mitchell (Author)

4. Clinical Neuroanatomy by Richard S. Snell (Author)

5. Head and Neuroanatomy (THIEME Atlas of Anatomy)
Atlas of Anatomy (Thieme Anatomy)

6. Grant's Dissector
Eberhardt K. Sauerland (Author), Sauerland (Author)

7. Each group must have: 1- gloves 2-Labe coat
3-Dissection kit(scissors, scalpel surgical blades, forceps.
4- atlas and a dissector
5Group file

8. At the end of this lecture :
What is the nervous system
What the component of a neuron and its type
The Division of nervous system
Understand the difference between Spinal nerve and cranial nerve
Gray matter and white matter diffrence
reading Snell clinical Neuroanatomy (Page 2-14)

9. What are the 2 systems control the functions of the body?
Nervous system
Endocrine system

10. Nervous System stimulus and reaction
environment
animal
organism
Nervous system
stimulus
reaction
sensory
neuron
Inter-
neuron
Motor
neuron
receptor
effector

11. Nervous system

12. Functional unit of NS Neuron: 1- Neuronal Cell Body (Soma)
2- Neuronal Processes
A- Axon
B-Dendrites

13. Morphology of Typical Motor Neuron 1. nucleus 2. perikaryon
3. cell body
4. axon
5. dendrite
6. Nissl body
7. axon hillock
8. myelin sheath
9. oligodendrocyte
10. Schwann cell
11. skeletal muscle cell
12. neuromuscular junction

14. Different type of Sensory Info:

15. Myelin Sheath

16. Types of Neuron

17. Synapse

18. Division Of the NS Brain Spinal cord 31 pair Spinal nerve
Central nervous system (CNS)
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
31 pair Spinal nerve
12 pair cranial nerve
Ganglia
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
-sympathetic
-parasympathetic

20. Organization of CNS from inside
White matter axons “nerve fibers”
Gray matter cell bodies “soma”

21. Spinal cord

22. Brain

23. PNS

24. PNS
31 pairs Spinal nerve
12 cranial nerve
Dorsal Root Ganglion “DRGs”

25. Cranial and spinal Nerves
12 pair of cranial nerves leave the brain through foramina in the skull
31 pairs of spinal nerves leaves through intervertbral foramina in the verterebral column
8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal

26. 31 pairs of spinal Nerves

27. Autonomic Nervous System “ANS”
Innervate involuntary structure e.g. heart, smooth muscles, glands.
Composed of :
Sympathetic NS emergency
Parasympathetic NS restoring

28. Covering of Brain & spinal cord
Both are covered by 3 meninges layer:
Dura matter
Arachnoid matter
Pia matter

29. Brain

31. Spinal Cord

32. Beginning & end of spinal cord
Begin at froman magnun as contnioution of medulla obblungate
Terminate at lumbar region
Flium terminal ends of pia

34. Spinal cord segemnt

35. Spinal nerve Composed of 2 roots:
Anterior ( impulse from the CNS) efferent or motor. Originate from anterior horn
Posterior (impulse To the CNS) afferent or sensory e.g. touch, pain, temperature cell bodies in DRGs

36. Anterior and posterior unite to form a spinal nerve exit in Intervertebral foramina( mixed nerve)
Then emerge as anterior (large) and posterior rami (small). (mixed)
Posterior back muscles and skin
Anterior anterolateral body wall and limbs
Anterior rami join to form plexus ( e.g. brachial)

39. Spinal nerve

41. Brain 1- Medulla Oblongata 2- Pons 3-Cerebellum Hindbrain Midbrain
Forebrain
1- Diencephalon (Dorsal Thalamus & Hypothalamus)
2- Cerebrum (2 Cerebral Hemisphere ) connected by fibers called Corpus Callosum

42. Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Midbrain
Pons
Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata

43. Ganglia is 2 types: 1-Sensory
Swelling found on posterior root of each spinal nerve. ( Dorsal root ganglia)
On the course of cranial nerve V,VII,VIII,IX, &X

44. Types of Ganglia 2- Autonomic
Found along efferent nerve fibers.( e.g sympathetic chain, and ganglia within visceral walls)