1. Remote Sensing with Signals of Opportunity James L Garrison School of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (by courtesy) Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering

2. Objective: Demonstrate land and ocean remote sensing using communication satellite signals Heritage – demonstration using navigation (GNSS) signals in L-band Recent results – ocean wind sensing with XM radio (S-band signals) Future/Ongoing: Direct Broadcast (Ku-band) for high- resolution ocean winds, UHF for deep-penetration soil moisture

3. Remote sensing with GNSS Reflections Soil T g Vegetation canopy PTPT P R  P T

4. Remote sensing with GNSS Reflections (From Chapron and Ruffini, GNSS-R workshop, Barcelona. Photo taken at Le Conquet, Brittany) Receiver glistening zone Fundamental Physics: Rougher surface = larger distribution in path delays This phenomenon can easily be observed at sunset: (water is calm inside the red ellipse)

5. XM Radio Bistatic Radar Ambiguity function – key feature to perform “range- Doppler mapping”

6. Spring 2011 Goal Research UHF satellite availability and antenna options Collect raw samples of Ku-band and UHF signals Generate ambiguity function from raw data – demonstrating ability to detect and process reflected signal.