1. By Jonathan Haltiwanger and Teresa Leslie

2.  Analytical technique to determine the elemental composition of a sample  Vaporization  ionization  electric field  mass-to-charge (m/z)  MS/MS- Tandem Mass Spectrometry  Fragment specific ions to identify resulting fragment ions  Data is used to form structure  Can find specific compounds in complex mixture http://upload.wikimedia.o rg/wikipedia/commons/e /eb/MS_MS.png

3.  Q- Quadrupole mass analyzer  Filters sample ions (m/z)  TOF- Time-of-flight mass analyzer  Velocity depends on m/z  q- Radio frequency collision  B- Magnetic sector  E- Electric sector http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/services_and_facilities/lab_services/mass_spectrometry/images/HPLC_ESI_MS_3.gif

4.  Precursor ion scan  Product ion scan  Neutral loss scan  Selected reaction monitoring  Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometer (FTMS) 

5.  Ionization issues  Ion suppression  Interfering compounds- “iso baric”

6.  Accurate Molecular Weight Measurements  Sample confirmation, purity  Reaction Monitoring  Monitor enzymes  Amino Acid Sequencing  Identification of protein using database  “tag”  Oligonucleotide Sequencing  Post-Translation Modifications-  Glycosylation, phosphorylation, disulfide bridges  Protein Structure  Protein-protein, protein-ligand, protein-DNA

7.  Screens for 30+ diseases  Usually rare, inherited metabolic disorders  Measures acylcarnitine and amino acid levels  Fast, accurate, cheap, and non- invasive  Star-G Project- Information on disorders  Examples: Sickle cell disease, phenylketonuria, maple syrup urine disease http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/lab/nbsHeelstick.jpg

8.  Difficulty breaking down phenylalanine  Enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase absent  Leads to mental retardation, eczema, seizures, and possibly death http://www.bmb.leeds.ac.uk/illingworth/bioc1 010/image017.gif http://media.wiley.com/CurrentProtocols/HG/h g1701/hg1701-fig-0002-1-full.jpg

9.  Biotechnology  Analysis of proteins, oligonucleotides  Pharmaceutical  Drug discovery, drug metabolism  Clinical  Neonatal screening, hemoglobin analysis, drug testing  Environmental  Water quality, food contamination  Geological  Oil composition http://www.astbury.leeds.ac.uk/facil/MStut/mstutorial.ht m

10.  Mørtz E, O'Connor PB, Roepstorff P, Kelleher NL, Wood TD, McLafferty FW, Mann M (1996). "Sequence tag identification of intact proteins by matching tanden mass spectral data against sequence data bases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (16): 8264–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.16.8264. PMID 8710858.  Sleno L, Volmer DA (2004). "Ion activation methods for tandem mass spectrometry". Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS 39 (10): 1091–112. doi:10.1002/jms.703. PMID 15481084.  Pictures from Wikipedia.com  Other sources are already cited