1. Fibrous Protein Examples:  -Keratins: hair, nails, skin -  -helical structure of chains  -Keratins: feathers, scales... -  -sheet structure of chains Fibroin: silkworms, spider silk -  -sheet structure of chains Collagen: ~ 1/3 of animal protein skin, bones, connective tissue, teeth, gums.... etc

2. Fibrous vs. Globular Proteins insoluble cross-linked Structures water soluble folded multi-tasked

3. Amino Acids & Nutrition RDI = 60 g Essential   absent in gelatin.... - Gly - xxx - Pro -... GPRGPAGPPGRDGIPGQPGLPGPPGPPGPPGPPGLGGNF

4. Triple Helix Collagen

5. 2 CH 2 CH CH 2 Proline (Pro)  Hydroxyproline (Hyp) OH Prolyl Hydroxylase N C  C O

6. Proline Hydroxylase - lumen of ER - Fe and ascorbic acid PH(Fe 2+ ) + O 2 +  -ketoglutarate + Xaa-Pro-Gly PH(Fe 2+ ) + succinate + Xaa-Hyp-Gly Also …. PH(Fe 2+ ) + O 2 +  -ketoglutarate  succinate + … PH(Fe 3+ ) (not functional until reduced back to Fe 2+ ) + Vit. C (red) PH(Fe 2+ ) + vit. C (ox) PH catalyzes hydroxyproline formation

7. Gly-Pro-Met-Gly-Pro-Ser-Gly-Pro-Arg- Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Ala-Hyp- Gly-Pro-Gln-Gly-Phe-Gln-Gly-Pro-Hyp- Gly-Glu-Hyp-Gly-Glu-Hyp-Gly-Ala-Ser---- Collagen Sequence - CH 2 - CH - OH CH 2 Hyp

8. CH 2 - CH 2 - CH - OH H O - CH - CH 2 | CH 2 H-bonds cross-link collagen chains

9. Scurvey : Disease associated with Vitamin C deficiency...caused by weakness in connective tissue... caused by failure to form sufficient cross-links in collagen... caused by insufficent vitamin C for Proline Hydroxylase (Fe 3+ ) reduction Should you make sure your pet dog gets enough vitamin C? a) yes b) no Vitamin C is synthesized metabolically in all animals except …. humans, bats, guinea pigs, monkeys/apes (some fish/birds?)

10. Osteogenesis Imperfecta Four types with varying severity ― I, II, III, IV Cause: mutation in gene for procollagen  -1 chain Effect: interfere with 3-helix formation collagen used to make bone is weaker Procollagen  -1 chain: mutations Gly 221  Cys OI mild form Gly 389  Cys OI moderate form Gly 425  Ser OI lethal form Disease of? A) muscle b) nerves c) blood d) bones In what movie did Samuel L. Jackson have OI? Why do you think mutations of Glycine are causes of OI? a) Gly is small b) Gly forms H-bonds c) Gly is nonpolar

11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aopdD9Cu-So

12. Soluble Collagen Disease SColD

13. Save The Witches Fund c/o Paul Stein Department of Chemistry The College of St. Scholastica $$