1. Person Address City Publication State Puppy Dog Publisher Conference Animal An ontology creates a structure within which we describe the world.

2. Person Address City Publication State Puppy Dog Publisher Conference Animal An ontology creates a structure within which we describe the world. hasState hasCity hasAddress hasPet hasPublication hasPublisher hasConference Object property ISA relation

3. Paea 1045 Boyer WallaWalla Not- gadgets WA Tupa LNCS ODBASE’09 Paea, Tupa hasState hasCity hasAddress hasPet hasPublication hasPublisher hasConference Object property ISA relation The world as we choose to see it fits within that structure.

4. Paea 1045 Boyer WallaWalla Not- gadgets WA Tupa LNCS ODBASE’09 Paea, Tupa The world as we choose to see it fits within that structure.

5. Data annotation, as we define it, is therefore the process of fitting real world entities into the ontology structure. Data annotation, as we define it, is therefore the process of fitting real world entities into the ontology structure. Paea Tupa WA Walla Not-gadgets LNCS ODBASE’09

6. The power of ontologies is that the structure informs the data and vice-versa. That is, you can infer more data than you may have started with by extrapolating on the interplay between data and structure. The power of ontologies is that the structure informs the data and vice-versa. That is, you can infer more data than you may have started with by extrapolating on the interplay between data and structure. Paea Tupa WA Walla Not-gadgets LNCS ODBASE’09 Tupa Paea

7. Tupa RDF (resource description framework) is a language upon which OWL (the Web Ontology Language) is layered. Simply put, RDF helps to specify the fundamental structure of an ontology: which are relationships (arrows). Recall that an ontology forms a graph; well, RDF helps you write down the edges (arrows) of the graph. All you really need is a triple: subject (arrow start), property (arrow label), and object (arrow end). RDF (resource description framework) is a language upon which OWL (the Web Ontology Language) is layered. Simply put, RDF helps to specify the fundamental structure of an ontology: which are relationships (arrows). Recall that an ontology forms a graph; well, RDF helps you write down the edges (arrows) of the graph. All you really need is a triple: subject (arrow start), property (arrow label), and object (arrow end). hasPet But there’s actually more information hidden here than just the arrow you can see. The colored circles mean something too (they are “arrows” too – don’t trust the diagram!):