1. Prepositions, Conjunctions, interjections
Chapter 6

2. 6-1: What is a Preposition?
Preposition: word that shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word in sentence.
Examples:
The knight is under the dragon.
The knight is above the dragon.
The knight is beside the dragon.
The knight is in the dragon.

3. 6-1: What is a Preposition?

4. 6-1: What is a preposition?
Prepositional Phrase: consists of a preposition its object and any modifiers of the object.
The object of the preposition is the noun or pronoun following the preposition.
Examples:
A Chinese New Year dragon is a symbol of strength.
People drape silk over a bamboo dragon.

5. 6-1: what is a preposition?
Use between-
When the object of the preposition refers to two people or things.
Example:
The dragon weaved between two boys.
Use among-
When speaking of three or more.
The dragon weaved among the crowd.

6. Tell the preposition and its object
Dragons from different cultures have their own characteristics.
The Eastern female dragon holds a fan with her tail.
The Chinese show most dragons without wings.
Swallows are among the Chinese dragons’ favorite foods.
In Chinese mythology, nine dragons keep the Kowloon waters safe from harm.

7. Tell the preposition and its object
Japanese dragons have three toes on each claw.
Western dragons are usually associated with evil.
Many tales pit brave knights against fierce dragons.
Two bat like wings lift the dragon above its victim.
Some breeds of Western dragons can change their shapes.

8. 6-2: Using Prepositional phrases
Adjective Phrase: is a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun.
Like adjective- prepositional phrase can tell:
Which one, how many, what kind
Example:
The Komodo dragon is a type of monitor lizard.

9. 6-2: Using prepositional phrases
Adverb Phrase: a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective or an adverb.
Like adverb- prepositional phrase can tell:
Where, when, how, why, to what extent
Example:
Desert lizards lie under the sand.

10. 6-2: Using prepositional phrases
Placement of prepositional phrases:
Try to place each prepositional phrases as close as possible to the word it modifies.
Examples: what sentence is the correct one.
With fiery breath, we surprised the dragon.
We surprised the dragon with fiery breath.

11. Tell the prepositional phrase and the word it modifies
The Komodo dragon is the largest lizard in the world.
Komodos live on a few Indonesian islands.
The Komodo’s yellow forked tongue, over a foot long, can taste the air.
Its saliva has bacteria with no known antidotes.
The Komodo’s teeth are dangerous to everyone.

12. Tell the prepositional phrase and the word it modifies
The Komodo’s teeth can shred a large animal in 20 minutes.
The Komodo can run 12 ½ miles an hour, fast for its 300-pound weight.
The residents of Komodo Island call this creature the ora.
Villagers tell tall tales about the ora.
The ora does not interest poachers around the island.

13. 6-3: Conjunctions
Conjunction: a word used to join words or groups of words
Conjunctions often join words used in same way
Words joined:
Subjects, predicates, any other kind of sentence parts
Examples:
Alligators and crocodiles live mainly in the water.
Crocodiles live in salt water or fresh water.

14. 6-3: Conjunctions
Common Conjunctions
 and
But Or
Nor

15. 6-3: Conjunctions Use and: Use but: Use or and nor:
To connect similar ideas
Example:
Crocodiles have a long jaw and sharp teeth.
Use but:
To contrast ideas
Example: A young crocodile is small but powerful.
Use or and nor:
To show choice
Some crocodiles can live in salt water or fresh water.

16. Tell the conjunction and the words it joins
There are many ways to tell whether an animal is a crocodile or an alligator.
A crocodile’s snout is pointy, and an alligator’s snout is broad.
Both the upper and lower teeth show on the crocodile.
Crocodiles often lose their teeth, but they grow new ones.
Large crocodiles eat antelope and deer.

17. Tell the conjunction and the words it joins
Cold weather may cause deformity or death to baby crocodiles.
The snout usually shows differences, but the Indian Mugger crocodile looks much like an alligator.
Alligators do not have an enlarged fourth tooth, nor do they need it.
Most crocodiles hunt at night, but hungry ones hunt any time.
Never go near an alligator, or you may be badly injured.

18. 6-4: Interjections
Interjections: a word or phrase used to express emotion
Example
Wow, there’s a monitor lizard.
It’s so big! Awesome!