1. Transport Services in South Africa
Airports/airlines
Gateway: Airports harbours, border posts, train/bus stations
Inbound flights: Arrive in South Africa from another country
Outbound flights: Depart from South Africa to another country
Domestic Flight: Flight that begins and ends in the same country
Regional Flights: depart to neighbouring countries
Intercontinental flights: Fly long distances between continents
Transcontinental Flight: Travelling by air from the Atlantic ocean to the Pacific ocean coast, or in reverse

2. Transcontinental flights: Fly across one continent from one side to the other side
Connecting flights: When an airport lands at one airport between the airports of departure and arrival
First Class: The most expensive class of accommodation on a train, ship or airplane
Business Class: Same as first class
Economy class: The least expensive accommodation, especially on an airplane

3. Terminal: An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer between ground transportation and the facilities that allow them to board and disembark from the aircraft. Inside the terminal: passengers buy tickets, transfer their luggage, go through security.
Hangars: Large buildings for storing airplanes
Check-in counter: Counter where an airline official checks a passenger's, ID, passport and ticket
Emergency exit seats: Seats above the wings and next to emergency exit doors
E-ticket: A letter sent by to the traveller that has booked a flight via the internet

4. Boarding pass: A pass that authorises a passenger to board an aircraft
Check-in counter: A counter where passengers check-in and get a boarding pass
Carousal: A conveyer belt that carries luggage to be claimed by air travellers
Disembark: To leave a plane
Galley: The kitchen area for food preparation on an airliner
Over-head storage bins: Small cupboards above the seats
Entertainment: Each seat has a reading lamp, long-haul flights have TV screens and in-flight movies
Oxygen masks: Dropped from ceiling above seats when cabin pressure drops

5. Cabin Crew: Pilot and flight attendants
Runway: A strip of level paved ground on which an aircraft takes off and land
Chartered Flights: Flights that take place outside normal schedules, by hiring arrangement with a specific customer

6. Baggage wrapping service
By wrapping the luggage with a special plastic folio passengers can protect their personal belongings from theft, pilferage, damage and to avoid most problems with the baggage during the transportation
Biometric Scanners. Instead of waiting in long lines to be checked by inspectors, travellers will swipe smart cards containing their photo, fingerprints and personal details. The biometric scanners are similar in size and appearance to cash machines. They are fitted with cameras that snap a picture of the traveller and compare it to the card. Travellers then answer basic security questions on the screen,

7. X-ray security scanners: hand luggage goes through these scanners
X-ray security scanners: hand luggage goes through these scanners. X-rays classifies objects as organic (food), inorganic or metal.
Thermal Body Scanners: measures people’s body temperature, if it is more than 38°C, it indicates a person has a fever and may have a disease like swine flu, they will not be allowed to entry the country

8. A Flight Information Display system (FIDS) is a computer system used in airports to display flight information to passengers, in which a computer system controls mechanical or electronic display boards or TV screens in order to display arrivals and departures flight information in real-time. The displays are located inside or around an airport terminal.
Each line on an FIDS indicates a different flight number accompanied by: NB
*the airline name/logo
*the city of origin or destination
*the expected arrival or departure time and/or the updated time
*the gate number
*the check in  counter numbers or the name of the airline handling *the check-in
*the status of the flight, such as "Landed", "Delayed", "Boarding",

10. Touch-screen information systems: people can look for the type of information they need and touch the screen at a point so that a directory opens.

11. Carry-On Allowance: 1 Bag
All carry-on luggage must fit in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you. In addition to a personal item (overcoat, laptop, purse) passengers are allowed 1 carry-on bag Maximum Weight of Carry-on Luggage: 8 kg
REMINDER: Bulkhead seats do not have underseat storage during take-off and landing.- A bulkhead is the physical partition that divides a plane into different classes or sections
Checked Baggage Allowance
Baggage Allowance: 1 pieces
Maximum Weight for Economy Class passengers: 23 kg
Maximum Weight for First and Business Class passengers: 32 kg
If you have more bags than the permitted allowance or your bags exceed the weight restrictions, you will be charged additional fees

12. Travel Schedules
A travel schedule is an outline of the times of travel services that are offered on a specific date. Domestic schedules provide information about travel times within the borders of South Africa. In the travel industry, the 24-hour clock is now used world-wide, particularly with regard to timetables of coaches, trains and airlines.
Narrow-body aircraft: The Boeing has only one aisle
Wide-body aircraft: The Airbus A has two aisles

13. Domestic Flights in South Africa
South Africa has a number of airlines Share flying between its major cities, and some of its smaller ones, with fares ranging from first-class to cut- price economy. Flights can be booked online from anywhere in the world.
Airports Company South Africa (Acsa) operates South Africa’s 10 principal airports, including the three major international airports at Johannesburg, Cape Town and Durban. The other seven are domestic airports in Bloemfontein, Port Elizabeth, East London, George, Kimberley, Upington and PiIanesberg.
Seven major domestic airlines operate in the country, as well as a number of smaller charter airline companies.

14. All flight operators offer online booking services, with payment by credit card or directly into the relevant bank account.
You need to be at the airport ONE hour before departure for domestic flights and international flights TWO hours
Low cost Airways
Kulula.com
Offers low-cost, single-class flights between Johannesburg’s OR
Tambo International Airport and Cape Town, Durban, George, Port Elizabeth, and Neispruit.
Mango
A no-frills carrier operated by SAA, Mango offers low-cost, single- class flights between Johannesburg, Cape Town Durban, Port Elizabeth, and Bloemfontein.
Southern Africa, the rest of Africa and the world. It offers
economy, business and first class cabins.

15. RSA International Airports:
OLIVER THAMBO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT: GAUTENG
CAPE TOWN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT: WESTERN CAPE
KING SHAKA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT: KWAZULU-NATAL
PILANESBERG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT: NORTH-WEST
KRUGER MPUMALANGA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT: MPUMALANGA

16. South African Airways
South Africa’s national carrier flies locally between
Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, Port Elizabeth, East London,
Bloemfontein, George, Pietermaritzburg, Mthatha, Kimberley,
Polokwane, Richards Bay, Upington, Nelspruit-Kruger, Hoedspruit, Phalaborwa, Mmabatho, Manzini and Maseru - as well as into Southern Africa, the rest of Africa and the world. It offers economy, business and first class cabins
O.R. Tambo International Airport
This is the busiest airport in Africa and South Africa’s largest gateway. Shuttle services are available to ferry passengers between parking areas and terminals. Porter services are ready to help with heavy luggage. Banking and forex dealers are also available

17. Cape Town International Airport
This is the second largest airport in South Africa. The airport offers banking and forex and car hire services. Valet parking -  A service provided (at a club or restaurant or airport etc.) whereby a patron leaves a car at the entrance and an attendant parks and retrieves it -and lock-up garages are also available
King Shaka International Airport
This new airport opened in Throughout the year tourists use this airport to get to the KZN beaches. The airport offers banking and forex and car hire services as well as a wide variety of duty free shops, bars and restaurants.

18. Driving in South Africa
South Africa has excellent road infrastructure, large vehicle hire
fleets run by international and local rental companies
Car rental
Most car rental companies are represented at South Africa’s main airports and in most city centres. Vehicles may generally be picked up at one centre and dropped off at a branch in another centre.
It is advisable to take out the insurance offered by the vehicle rental companies. All major credit cards are accepted.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based global navigation satellite system that provides reliable location and time information in all weather and at all times and anywhere on or near the Earth when and where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellite

19. Why Rent a Car in South Africa?
Renting a car means you can stop at places you didn't know existed and you can also make a quick exit if a destination isn't quite what you expected. It'll also save you money.
Major Car Rental Companies in South Africa include: Budget Avis Hertz Europe Car TEMPEST Car hire Imperial Car Hire
Age: 25-years-old is the minimum age for car renting 
Driver licence: You will need a valid drivers licence
Credit: You will need a credit card when renting a car. A deposit will be deducted form your card and refunded when your return the car in the same condition as you received it.

20. What is an airport surcharge?
These are charges added to the car rental for picking up a vehicle at the airport.  As well as covering the rental of an in-terminal desk, it covers use of shuttle buses etc.
Where can I pick-up and drop-off a car?
You are able to pick up your car at or near an airport or downtown location. When you begin your search you will be asked to specify a city. Once you have specified the city, you will then be shown all the locations in that city where rentals are available including nearby airport locations.
What are super collision waivers?
(Collision Damage Waiver = CDW)
In the event of an accident you are liable for a non-waiverable reduced excess. Should you have an accident with a third party, we will cover all costs to the repairs of the third party's vehicle up to an amount of R50,000.

21. What are super theft waivers?
(Super Theft Loss Protection = STLW)
In the event of a theft of a rental vehicle, you are liable to pay the non-waiverable reduced excess.
What is a tourism levy?
1% tourism levy is charged on all rentals. The levy goes towards supporting SA tourism.
Personal accident insurance (PAI)
Personal accident insurance is a one-time payment for you in case of death or injury from a car accident. It is optional at R25/day
Contract fee
This is charged for administration, storing, and retrieving of rental documents. car rental companies must store all contracts for 5 years

22. Fuel deposits and charges:
*Petrol is not included in the rates
The vehicle will have a full tank petrol and you are required to deliver the car with a full tank petrol. If the tank is not full the amount equal to the cost of petrol will be deducted from your deposit
Delivery and collection charges:
These will be charged if you request that the vehicle be delivered or collected at your hotel/office
Cross-border fees:
Additional fees will be charged when taking a vehicle outside South Africa’s borders.

23. Optional equipment:
This can include a baby seat and can be rented at an extra charge
Hand controls for a wheelchair-bound driver
GPS navigation system
Additional driver charges:
Only one person will be allowed to drive a rented car. Extra fees are applicable if an additional driver is required
Incidental costs:
If a traffic fine is received while the rented car is in your possession you will be responsible to pay the fine

24. Payment options for car rental:
* Credit card
* Vouchers – issued by travel agents
* Company cards – some businesses have their own accounts with a specific car rental company
*Cash

25. Drivers licences
Any valid driver’s licence is accepted in South Africa, provided it bears the photograph and signature of the holder and is printed in English. Some vehicle hire companies may also require an international driver’s licence.
South Africans drive on the left-hand side of the road. All distances, speed limits (and speedometers) are marked in kilometres. Wearing of seat belts is compulsory. Using hand-held phones while driving is against the law — use a vehicle phone attachment or hands-free kit if you want to speak on your mobile phone.
National Roads:
From Johannesburg to Cape Town:N1
From Johannesburg to Durban: N3
From Cape Town to Port Elizabeth N2
From Johannesburg to Pilanesberg: N4

26. Buses
Types: Minibuses, Coaches, mega buses and sleeper coaches, open-top buses.
Long haul intercity buses are between major cities
Intercape, Greyhound, Translux, SA Roadlink, Springbok, City to City and the Baz Bus (hop-on hop-off) , all of which offer a variety of national routes. You can book most bus tickets at Computicket.
Shuttle service: A small bus that travels at regular intervals between two specific places – example from the airport to a hotel
Tour operators: Springbok Atlas and Thomson tours. They offer package tours

27. Baz Bus:
Hop-on hop-off backpackers transport
Runs on a fixed schedule an picks up and drops off passengers at backpacker accommodation.
Open-top buses:
Double decker buses with roofless open top deck. Tourist buy a ticket and it allows them to hop-on hop- off at major attractions

28. Trains
Spoornet is the railway which covers the routes between the major cities.
For real luxury, you have to try one of the world’s most luxurious railways, the Blue Train, which runs a number of routes within South Africa, and Rovos Rail, Premier Class and The Shongololo Express and the Gautrain
The Blue Train: between Pretoria and Cape Town.
Rovos rail: Luxurious trips through Africa
Scenic tourist trains: Banana Express, Apple Express, The Outeniqua Choo-Tjoe and
The Umgeni Steam Railway

29. Compartment: Sleeps 4-6 people
Coupe: Sleeps 2 people
Dining car: A place to serve meals on a train
Sleeping berth: Place to sleep on a train
Schedule: A time table that indicates the name of the route, what time the train will leave the station, at what time the train will arrive at its destination.
Tourist class: The cheapest type of accommodation or seating
Economy class:
Less expensive than first class
Bedding tickets:
When travelling overnight passengers can buy bedding tickets at a fixed amount to get a coupe with a bed

30. Harbours
South Africa boasts some of the world’s best and busiest ports and harbours. As one of the world’s few countries that enjoy access to two oceans (the Indian and Atlantic) - South African harbours are generally a beehive of activity.
Richards Bay
Richards Bay is SA's premier bulk port and the country’s most modern harbour.
Port Elizabeth
Since the arrival of the first British settlers in 1820 Port Elizabeth has been an important port and harbour on the South Africa east coast.
Port of East London
The Port of East London is South Africa’s remaining river port. It is situated at the mouth of the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape province.

31. Port of Saldanha
The Port of Saldanha Bay is South Africa’s largest natural anchorage and port with the deepest water northwest of Cape Town.
Port of Cape Town, is the most famous port in Africa and is certainly one of the most beautiful harbours in the world .The port is situated on one of the world's busiest trade routes and will always retain strategic and economic importance for that reason alone. Cape Town is also a busy container port, second in South Africa only to Durban. The Port of Cape Town is a key destination for cruise ships, particularly those engaged in round the world cruising.
Port of Durban
This is Africa’s busiest port and the largest container facility in Southern Africa

32. A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way.
Difference between a port and a harbour
A harbour is a parking area where ships stay between journeys
A port is where ships upload and unload passengers. At port you will see a pier and a jetty and cranes
Cabin: A room on a ship with a shower
Inside cabin- without windows, outside cabin – with windows, Suites – large areas with lounge area and private balconies, very luxurious
State room: A private cabin on a ship
Deck:  A platform extending horizontally from one side of a ship to the other.
Berth: The particular parking space in which the ship docks at the pier.(docks)

33. Porthole: A small window.
Steward: Person who services a cabin
Port of Call:  Regular stop over(s) on a cruise itinerary
Facilities on board:
Swimming pools
Jacuzzis
A sport centre
Jogging track
Video games room
Children’s playroom
Disco
Spa facilities
Bars
Restaurants
Shops
Casino
Cinema
Disembark: To go ashore from a ship

34. Cruise liner packages:
Accommodation
Meals
Entertainment
The number of nights spend on board
Stopovers for the specific journey

35. Cruises to and from South Africa
* Silversea cruise line offers day cruises from Mauritius to Cape Town
*The Cunard cruise line offers day cruises from Britain to cape Town
*Oceania cruises offers cruises from Cape Town to Singapore
Cruises around South Africa
MSC Starlight Cruises offer cruises around Durban, Cape Town and Mozambique

36. Air Travel
Advantages:
$ Very fast
$ Reliable and convenient
$ Remote areas can easily been reached
$One of the safest means of transport
Disadvantages
$ Very expensive
$Tourist always needs another form of transport to travel
within destination
$ Bad weather affects air travel
Few survivors during crashes

37. Travelling by coach (luxury bus)
Advantages
Provides comfort
Follow schedules and timetables
Use well maintained roads
Disadvantages
Expensive form of road travel
Tourist must stay with tour group at all times Journey can take a long time