1. CPUC / IOU Zero Net Energy Building Activities: Setting the Stage
Energy Commission 2015 IEPR Workshop
May 18, 2015
Cathleen Fogel, Ph.D.
Energy Efficiency Branch
California Public Utilities Commission

2. California’s ZNE Building Goals
All new residential construction and all new commercial construction in California will be zero net energy by 2020 and 2030, respectively
50% of existing commercial buildings will be retrofit to ZNE by 2030
All new state buildings and major renovations shall be ZNE (2025)
50% of existing state-owned building area by 2025 shall be ZNE
IOUs shall launch and ramp a ZNE K-12 Schools and Community
College Pilot Program in
IBEW Zero Net
IBEW ZNE Center, San Leandro, renovation
DPR Construction San Diego Corporate Office , Chip Fox, DG&E, renovation

3. ZNE Commercial Action Plan “Champions”
California Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan (2008)
ZNE Commercial Action Plan “Champions”

4. IOU Programs Supporting ZNE Buildings
Codes & Standards
Emerging Tech
California Advanced Home / Savings By Design
“Reach” Building Code Support for Local Govts
Workforce training & outreach
DPR Construction San Diego Corporate Office , Chip Fox, DG&E
One Sky Homes Cottle House in San Jose, Allen Gilliand

5. Residential new construction
CPUC and IOU Zero Net Energy Programs and Activities
Residential new construction

6. California Advanced Home Program: Moving Beyond Percentage Above Title 24
2013 Code Home
% Home
CAHP: Single Family
CAHP: Multifamily Low-Rise
$300 for program entry CAHP Score of 84
$150 for program entry CAHP Score of 84
$100 for each point up to 75
$50 for each point up to 75
$200 for each point thereafter
$100 for each point thereafter

7. 2015 Code Readiness Initiative IOU Support
High Performance Attics and Ducts in Conditioned Space:
Get the ducts out of hot, hot space
High R-value Walls (≤ assembly U-Factor)
Dedicated design and construction assistance
Builder Commitment
Post-occupancy monitoring
Case studies
Financial Support
Leverage CAHP incentives
Per project incentives ~ About $15,000 per key measure
Rollout
3 builders each, PG&E/ SCE by mid-2016; 25 lots/builder

8. IOU ZNE Pilot Projects
De Young ZNE Home, PG&E supported, Photo: Rob Hammon 2014
Honda House, PG&E Supported, Photo: Davis Energy Group (2014)
KB Home Zero House, SDG&E Supported. Photo: Ken Hilligoss

9. What is Current ZNE Residential Home Market Size?
Approximately 1,100 ZNE-type homes
Mostly near ZNE, but includes 16 ZNE
About % of market since 2006, but ~1% in 2014
ZNE-type = 30%> Title 24 (all)

10. Who is pursuing ZNE?
Sonoma / Napa
50+ builders have constructed ZNE-type homes in 130 CA cities
Sacramento area

11. Release date June 9, 2015
Launch Workshop at the CPUC

13. Overall Critical Path

14. Non-Residential buildings
CPUC and IOU Zero Net Energy Programs and Activities
Non-Residential buildings

15. Prop. 39 K-12 Schools and Community College Initiative
Five Elements to the Pilot- Target of demo buildings
Element 1: IOU ZNE Demonstration School Retrofits
Element 2: Training Outreach and Recognition
Element 3: Institutional Training
Element 4: Codes and Standards
Element 5: Production Program Development
The ZNE Pilot will provide:
Design assistance
Trainings on how to socialize the ZNE concept with stakeholders (e.g. parents, teachers, students, board members)
Ongoing commissioning and construction inspection
Training on how to maintain ZNE operations
Monitoring, verification
And the ZNE Pilot will require:
Written commitment to the Pilot
A willingness to design and retrofit a ZNE building
A healthy budget
A willingness to share experiences with other interested schools

16. Pilot In-Kind Services
A Mixture of Funding Sources
Prop 39 Allocation
School District Funds
Pilot In-Kind Services

17. Number of Demonstration Projects
Per Utility (Under development): PG&E 5-7 SCE/SoCalGas 5-7 SDG&E 3-4 Total Per School Type: CCC 3-5 K

18. IOUs Support* for ZNE Buildings since 2008 (design support, energy modeling, financial incentives)
Just 213 ZNE Bldgs are Known in the U.S. ; CA = 40%

19. IOU Supported ZNE or ZNE-Ready Bldgs: Energy Use Per Sq Foot is falling
Source: ED Data request Sept 2014; IOU self reported data

20. Challenges: Savings By Design Participation Rates Could Improve…
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
PG&E Participation Rate
11%
15%
13%
34% 6% 3%
SDG&E Participation Rate
16%
12%
26% 5%
41%
SCE Participation Rate
14% 9%
Source: Savings By Design Market Potentials, Characterization and Best Practices Enhanced Participation Study, p Study ID: SCE
Additional Challenges: 50% free-ridership, energy modeling

21. ZNE Recognition & Verification

22. Supporting Early Adopters
4/6/2015 ZNE Workshop

23. Support for Schools, Local Governments, Higher Ed & State Agencies
ZNE Early Adopters
Leadership Trainings
ZNE Trainings
ZNE Tours
Planning Tools
Peer Learning
Support for Schools, Local Governments, Higher Ed & State Agencies

24. CPUC and IOU Zero Net Energy Programs and Activities
New research areas

25. Distribution Planning and ZNE Bldgs
Distribution Resource Planning Proceeding (R )
Integration capacity Analysis
Locational Value Analysis
Optimal locational benefit analysis
Distributed Energy Resources growth scenarios
IEPR “Trajectory” case
IEPR “High Growth” case
Very high potential growth, including ZNE Title 24 (and much more)
CPUC Customer Distributed Energy Resources Grid Integration Study (launching 2015)
What are the expected costs and benefits to the transmission and distribution system of requiring all new homes to be ZNE by 2020, or later?
CPUC will adopt NEM successor tariff by end of 2015 (R )

26. ZNE Compliance Options for Offsite Renewables
Proposed research on community-scale distributed energy resources for residential and commercial customers:
Permitting requirements
Tariff frameworks
Least cost options
Potential grid impacts
Case studies
Can community-scale DERs sited close to substation of a development feeder help mitigate the grid impacts of development’s new load, while alleviating need for onsite DERs?
How might new IOU “Green Option” (PG&E” Community Solar tariffs support ZNE goals?

27. Pacific Coast Action Plan on Climate and Energy (2013): Zero Net Energy Focus
Invest in clean energy and climate-resilient infrastructure
“Transform market for EE and lead the way to “net zero” buildings:”
Develop Joint Codes and Standards Roadmap to ZNE
Joint comments on DOE Definitions of Zero Energy Buildings
Recommended a “ZNE Loading Order:”
Deep energy efficiency, best practices for highly efficient buildings
On-site Renewables
Community Solar Systems
Certified RECs
CA, OR, WA and British Columbia
Exploratorium | San Francisco, CA

28. IOU Plug Loads Research (2014-16)
Miscellaneous Energy Loads
Phase I:
Best estimates of MEL energy consumption, gaps
Literature review of non-intrusive load monitoring methods
Phase II:
Models?
Ideal sample size and time frame for future predictive model?
Phase III:
Develop and test statistical models

29. Closing Thoughts: Transform the Market
Need to engage and scale efforts of Early Adopters
Reduce first costs; work closely with suppliers and builders
ZNE homes subdivision pilots ; expand High Performance Walls/ Attics
Savings By Design: aim at reducing EUIs
Early Adopter cohort support?
Greater awareness, education and training in both sectors
ZNE Building Recognition and Case Studies
Update of ZNE building definition / goal to accommodate off-site renewables when needed is welcome

30. Thank you!
Cathleen Fogel, Ph.D. Senior Analyst Energy Efficiency Branch California Public Utilities Commission (415)

31. CPUC and IOU Zero Net Energy Programs and Activities
Extra slides

32. IOUs Support* for ZNE Buildings since 2008 (design support, energy modeling, financial incentives)
Just 213 ZNE Bldgs are Known in the U.S. ; CA = 40%

33. IOUs Support* for ZNE Buildings since 2008 (design support, energy modeling, financial incentives)
Just 213 ZNE Bldgs are Known in the U.S. ; CA = 40%

34. IOU New Construction Programs Summary Statistics January 2010 – May 2015
Source: EM&V Report; EE Stats, May 13, 2015

35. Total New Construction Evaluated Savings/ Expenditures
Energy Savings
Emissions
Cost Effectiveness
Million ($)
Electric (GWh)
Demand (MW)
Natural Gas (MM Therms)
CO2 (Tons)
TRC
Reported
Gross
129
301 77
5.0
203
Residential:
Net
221 54
3.4
147
Commercial:
Evaluated
220 57
5.6
160
119 30
3.1 87
Commercial:
Percent Evaluated
95.0%
79.8%
61.3%
96.1%
84.3%
67.2%
5.1 percent of total portfolio expenditures
4 and 4.4 percent of gross portfolio energy and demand savings
2.4 and 3.6 percent of net portfolio energy and demand savings
Source: EM&V Report

36. SW NC/ZNE Programs & Pilots: Evaluated Savings, $$, TRC
Source: EM&V Report